344 



BOTANICAL GAZETTE 



[may 



crab) is a small tree characteristic of the pine wood borders and 

 more open parts. 



Mingled with the oaks are hickories, Carya alba K. Koch being 

 the prevalent species, and a characteristic member of the develop- 

 ing oak forest. The mixed assemblage of small trees and taller 

 shrubs accompanying the oaks and hickories include Ilex vomitoria 

 Ait. (an evergreen), several species of Crataegus (especially C. con- 

 sanguinea BeadL, C. robur BeadL, C. panda BeadL), Rhus copal- 



■ 



Una L., Callicarpa americana L., and V actinium arbor eum Marsh. 

 Low shrubs are Ceanothus americanus L., Gaylussacia dumosa 

 T. and G., Rosa humilis Marsh., and Yucca filamentosa L.; while 

 common woody vines with persistent or evergreen leaves are a 

 number of species of Smilax (S. pseudochina L., S. bona-nox L., 

 S. glauca Walt.), Gelsemium semperoirens Ait., and Lonicera semper- 

 virens L. 



The herbaceous growth in the pine forest, when undergrowth is 

 not disturbed, is not abundant, but in woodland burnt over or 

 cleared, grasses and sedges spring up and often make pasturage. 

 Blooming early in the spring, Oxalis stricta L., O. corniculata L. ? 

 Phlox pilosa L., Scutellaria integrifolia L., Salvia lyrata L., Houstonia 

 purpurea L., Specularia perfoliata A.DC, Antennaria plantagini- 

 folia Rich., Pyrrhopappus carolinianus DC, and Chrysogonum 

 virginianum L. are herbs which indicate xeromesophytic condi- 

 tions. In more mesophytic places Houstonia rotundifolia Michx. 

 and Mitchella re pens L. may be found in bloom at almost any date, 

 the latter with flowers and fruits at the same time. 



There is no vernal flora, nor can a definite flowering season be 

 set, but there is overlapping and irregularity in the prolongation of 

 the blooming season, conditions related to the spring drought and 

 to the extended growing season due to the climatic causes. The 

 most showy season, so far as the herbs are concerned, is after the 

 summer rains, during the late summer and the fall, when Agrimonia 

 Eupatoria L., Schrankia uncinata Willd., Lespedeza hirta E1L, 

 L. striata H. and A., Z,. violacea Pers., Poly gala sanguinea L., P. 

 verticillata L., Helianthemum carolinianum Michx., Oenothera biennis 

 L., O. linearis Michx., Sanicula canadensis L., Gentiana villosa L., 

 Asclepias verticillata L., A. variegata L., Trie host em a dichotomum 



