122 BOTANICAL GAZETTE [AUGUST 
under the latter species; otherwise I refer to the keys that will be 
given in my third paper. 
Regarding the variability of S. arctica, COvVILLE said: ‘The large 
number of specimens examined tends to confirm the idea that the 
extreme variation in the leaves is chiefly an individual characteristic 
and does not mark recognizable incipient species. The nearest 
approach I have found to a subspecific differentiation is in some of 
the specimens from the Pribilof and St. Matthew Islands in Bering 
Sea, and the Shumagin Islands. In these specimens the leaves are 
orbicular, or nearly so, and only about 2-3 cm. in diameter, while 
the catkins are shorter than usual, about 1.5~3.5 cm. in length.” 
- These forms represent ANDERSSON’s S. Pallasii a, crassijulis 3 
obcordata (1868) (S. Pallasii var. obcordata Turner; S. arctica 
obcordata Rydb.), who also distinguished f. grandifolia and f. 
oblongata of his var. crasstjulis. The last two forms are, I believe, 
without any taxonomic value, while f. obcordata well deserves to be 
mentioned as a form or even as a variety. It differs chiefly in the 
characters mentioned by Covitte. In addition to the localities 
cited by this author, I saw specimens from the Yacutat Bay, 
Glacier Bay (Muir Glacier), and Unalaska which should be referred 
to var. obcordata (And.) Rydbg. The following extract from an 
account given by TuRNER (Contrib. Nat. Hist. Alaska 75. 1886) 
seems to me worth quoting. 
S. Pallasii Anders. var. obcordata Anders. This species of willow attains 
the largest size of any among the Aleutian Islands. The growth is exceedingly 
crooked, rarely straight for more than a foot, attaining a diameter of 2 to 3 
inches, but often decayed within. In all the valleys and wider ravines this 
species is found in abundance. The roots form an intricate mass, often much 
exposed, and with the crooked branches and trunks form an impenetrable 
thicket of considerable area. ... . VemamInoF [a Russian traveler] states 
that in former years this willow grew to such a size in one of the ravines open- 
ing on the west side of Captain’s Harbor at Unalaska Island that the Russians 
and Aleuts procured sufficient of these ee to be used advantageously in 
making bidaras (open skin boats)... . . visited the locality to find traces 
of such former growth and found the a to be of but little better size 
than in other places near by. 
There is another form which has very glabrescent capsules and 
may be identical with S. arctica var. glabrata Trautvetter (Act. Hort. 
