290 BOTANICAL GAZETTE [OCTOBER 
seeds, and small ones which are cleistogamous. J. Sultani is 
not given by ENGLER and PRANTTI in their list of species containing 
cleistogamous flowers, and I was unable to find any cleistogamous 
flowers on the many plants of this species which were investigated. 
The material fixed ranged from very small buds to young fruits. 
In preparing the buds for fixing, the smallest ones were put up 
entire; the sepals and petals were removed from all others; and 
in the largest buds the pistil and stamens were separated. From 
the flowers and the fruit only the ovaries were preserved and these 
were trimmed slightly at the angles to allow more rapid penetra- 
tion of the fixer, which in all cases was Flemming’s chromo-acetic 
solution. In general, the material was sectioned longitudinally 
and stained with Flemming’ s triple stain. 
Ovary 
The ovary consists of 5 carpels with axial placentation. There 
are several ovules in each loculus and the age of the ovules in a 
given loculus advances from base to apex, the youngest being at 
the base of the ovary. At the time when the microspore mother 
cells are in prophase of the heterotypic division the ovules appear 
as slightly curving outgrowths from the placenta, with or without 
any indication of the inner integument (fig. 1). It is apparent 
that the ovules of J. Sultani occur earlier in relation to the develop- 
ment of the anthers than is the case in many other plants. Miss 
Buss (8) reports that in Viola the ovule initials cannot be detected 
when the microspore mother cells are in the prophase of the hetero- 
typic division, and similar observations have been made by many 
other investigators. 
As the inner integument begins to appear, a single hypodermal 
archesporial cell becomes differentiated at the apex of the nucellus 
(fig. 2). I. Sultani agrees with I. pallida (Miss Ratt 37) in having 
but the one archesporial cell, but differs from that species in having 
no parietal cell cut off from the archesporial cell. According to 
CouULTER and CHAMBERLAIN (15) there is a general tendency to 
suppress the parietal tissue among monocotyledons and Archi- 
chlamydeae. ‘‘The suppression of parietal tissue among Archi- 
chlamydeae is most extensively displayed by the Ranunculaceae 
