11 



en- 



IS 



■^ 



^^. 



■:? 





218 



xuon wliicli was enterlained of this plant above one hundred years ago; Lut this was 1 



in a great measure owing to the small number of plants then known for sowing- in the far 



The experiments that have here been made on this plant,, were confined to a clave 1 

 and alight siliceous soil. Upon these itAvas evidently inferior to the Broad-leaved, and P 

 nial Red Clover ; but on chalky and gravelly soils there have been abundant proofs of the s 

 rior value of Sainfoin. After the ample details of the uses and cultivation of Sainfoin o-iv • 

 Mr. Young's Annals, it will be difficult to add any thing new. It is a perennial plant, and 

 duces but little herbage the first year, and on that account should not be sown on land tli 

 intended to remain only two years under grass. In Mr. Young s Annals we are informed fh 

 Sainfoin is allowed on all hands to be an admirable improvement on limestone rocks and 1 ]i 

 downs, which, in order to be cultivated to the greatest advantage, should be in this co 

 with no more arable than is necessary for the change. Thus if Sainfoin last sixteen yeaiN 

 It certainly will, if properly managed, then sixteen parts of the down should he Sainfoii 

 as many more parts as there are years necessary for tillage, before the ground should be so ' (\ 

 with it again : suppose this period to be five years, the portions would then he 10 Sainf ' 

 1. Sainfoin pared and burnt, and under Turnips; 1. Barley or Oats; 1. Clover; 1 Wli-' 

 1. Turnips; 1. Barley or Oats, and with this crop Sainfoin sown again = 16. In another t 

 Ave are informed, that Sainfoin is also a great improvement in thin, loose, dry, sandy loams, upon 

 marl or chalk bottoms. 



Thin soils that wear out, or tire of Clover, are laid down to great advantage with it, will 

 last twenty years, and pay the Farmer as well as his best corn crops. If a floct of sheep be an 

 object of primary importance, this plant will afford them plenty of dry food, for winter in hard 

 weather. An acre of indiifereirt land will yield two tons of Sainfoin dry, and therefore twenty 

 acres will serve 1000 sheep for a month, supposing a sheep eats three pounds of hay in a day 

 which IS a large allowance. Now the expence of an acre of Sainfoin, includhig fourteen sbil- 

 lings for rent, tithe, and poor, is about one pound; Mdiereas that of an acre of Turnips will he' 

 two pounds seven shillings. Eight acres and a half of Turnips, then, balance twenty aeres of 

 Samfom ]Sow 1000 sheep will eat two acres and a half of Turnips in a day, and therefore 

 seventy-five acres will be required for a month: or at the lowest calculation, twenty-four acres; 

 the expence of which is £56 : 8.. to be set against £20, the expence of Sainfoin*. 



* Besides the grasses and other plants, that have been mentlonprl ;« fT * .1 

 form . nnrt PH A ,^\ , ^^ntioned in this series, there are a variety of different plants, which 



lorra a part or the produce of dry sandy roup*h nastni-pi^- ih^ ^ • • i „ , f ' 



^ ^ ^ ^ Pastuics, the principal of which ^yiIl now be briefly noticed. 



1. Carduus acaulis. Dwarf Thistle. E. Bot 161- FU n m^ 



f^^. rpt^i 1 ,. , ' ^an- 1U4.— A dwarf plant, but spreading: to the breadth of a \, 



foot. The leaves grow close to the ground, are very pricklv n.rl . . IS ^ 'ii 



to he onlv « hJpnn:.! r>l nf *. ' . • I r . prevent cattle from browsing near them. Though it appears W 



to be only a biennial plant, it 13 certainly one of the most Dern.v; 1 • ^ , 



ind inthprnrnpr<=«f fini^ .^ A' . "*^*^"^ ^^eds in thcse solIs ; being Suffered to grow in licdge-rows, ) 



ana m tne coiners ot hclds, the ordinary menus nf /l*.cf.-„..'- ■. . . & 6 & . . 



i'rtas 



■■■'I'l 







ind I'n ihi^ Pnrnor. «f fi^i^ .1 J- . ^^ "* ^"^^^ ^^^'^^ ' ^^»"S suttercd to grow m hedge-rows, } 



and m the coiners of fields, the ordinary means of destroying- it in ti. i ^ r i \ \ 



Mowino. nr .fnrl inc. ». Ti.' M • i n- • ^ ^""^^ ^^ *'^^ pusturc, by mowing, is rendered ineffectual. ^J 



MON^ing, or stocking up Thistles, is only a palliative reined v l.,.f -f v k\ 



lion of the annual and biennial Thistles, by sufferinc them to ^ .^^ '^ """ effectual with respect to the destruc ^^^ 



cut; because, when mown at an earlier stage of their c^rowth'T "'' '^' ^"''"^ '^ *^"' ''""^ "'' ^"'"' ^'^"'' '^"^ ''' 

 and consequently require an endless repetition of mowino- J^ ""'"" '' ""^ ^"^ suckers during the rest of the seasou, 

 thena^tiirP nn^ In.,... . 'n -A'- n "" ^'^""^ fulfilling the intention. But the only remedy is to break up 



me pasture, and improve it by a judicious course of crons wl * u • J J 



nroner miniir.-no. All fi,* i -ii u • n- deludes the application of clay, if the soil be sandy; 



proper manuring. All this, however, will be ineffectual iftTi rr jj j 



' ^^ surrounding' hftdcrpc nnrl wnctp Tilnpps nrp nPo-lprtpH 





I 



mg hedges and waste places are neglected. 



2. Anthemis noUlis, Common or Sweet Chamomilp i? t> 

 and August, wall fenown for its use ia medicine It'i, . ''"^ '^°"'- ^^'^ '''-^ P"^"""'' '"""'"^ "" ' 



IS observed, that the single flowers are far superior to the double jn 



m. 



