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opinion with respect to the best season for sowing; according to several trials that I have made 

 the middle or end ofAprilisthe most certain; but when sown in the autumn, unless the soil 



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ture of the plant, render the scythe of little or no use in destroying it. Its presence denotes a great degree of sterility in tl 

 soil that encourages its growth. The application of clay or marl will be found the best remedy, as this weed will soon disannp ■ 



of itself. 



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JO. Galium verum. Yellow Ladies' Bedstraw, Cheese Kenning. Petty Muguet, Yellow Goose-grass. E. Bot. 660.— A 

 perennial, flowering from June till October, more common in the hedges and way-sides than in the body of pastures. It is sad 

 the flowers will coagulate boiling milk. The French prescribe them in epileptic and hysteric cases. Boiled in alum-water, the 

 tinge wool yellow. The roots dye a fine red, not inferior to madder, aqd are used for this purpose in the island of Jura. Sheei 

 and goats eat it; horses and swine refuse it; cows are not fond of it. Withering; Pennant, p. 314. 



11. Cucuhalus laccifer. Bladder Campion, Spattling Poppy, White Bottle. E. Bot. 1577.— A perennial, more common 

 in corn-fields than in pastures. It grows from one to three feet in height, the flowers are white, and the calyx inflated, veined 

 like a net with green. Great care should be taken to prevent it from seeding, and the roots should be taken^up. 



12. Euphrasia officinalis. Common Eyebright. E. Bot. t. 1416.— A small annual plant with blue flowers. It resembles 

 Chickweed in its manner of growth, and is nearly as difficult to extirpate as that weed; like the Ploughman's Spikenard it 

 indicates sterility of land, similar to that caused by injudicious cropping, and is only to be overcome by enriching the soil under 

 a judicious course of crops cultivated in rows, by which this, and all other weeds, are easily overcome. It flowers from July 

 till October. 



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13. Gera7uum. — Of this there are several species, common to sandy pastures. They are diminutive weeds, and little evil 

 results from their presence ; they generally disappear after the soil has been in tillage two or three years under good nianace- 

 ment ; and the soil enriched, by having its texture altered, from the addition of elay or marl, 



14. Hypocli{Eris radicaia. Long-rooted Hawk-weed. E. Bot. 831. — A perennial, with yellow flowers; grows from four 

 -inches to two feet in height, according to the quality of the soil. The roots are long, and often the thickness of tlielilUc fmger. 



It was oflered to sheep and cows, but they refused it. It flowers from June till August. 



15. Jasione montana. Hairy Sheep's Scabious, Scabious Sheep's-bit. E. Bot. 882. — An annual plant, with blue flowers 

 and hairy leaves. It is to be found chiefly in very dry soils. It contains a milky juice; is said to be eaten by sheep; but they 

 refused it in one trial that I made. It flowers from June till August. 



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16. Veronica, officinalis. Common or Male Speedwell or Flueliin. E. Bot. 765.— A perennial plant; flowers in May and 

 August. The flowers are of a purplish blue colour. It is said that horses, goats, and sheep, eat it. An infusion of the leaves 

 IS recommended by Hoifman as a substitute for tea; but it is more astringent and less grateful. (Withering.)— 1\. is never found 

 in such abundance as to render it a formidable weed. It soon disappears under a judicious system of tillage. 



17. Thymus serpyllunu Wild Thyme, Mother of Thyme. E. Bot. t. 1514.— A perennial, common on all dry sandy 

 soils, particularly on ant-hills. There is some difl'erence of opinion with respect to cattle eating this plant; its dwarf gro^vth 

 rendering the point difficult to ascertain. I off"ered difl'erent quantities of this plant to South Down and Welsh sheep, but they 

 uniformly rejected it. Dr. Withering says that it yields an essential oil, which is very heating, and that an infusion of the leaves 

 removes the head-ache occasioned by the debauch of the preceding evening. The Phalcena papilionaria lives upon it.-Par- 

 ing and burning the ant-hills during summer, would occasion the destruction of the ants ; when this operation is done during the 

 winter, or cold months, it is seldom effectual, as the ants are then in secure quarters below the base of their hills, and therefore 

 receive but little, if any injury, from the eff'ects of the paring and bu 

 of the hills after they are burnt, and the ashes scattered on the surface, which would complete the remedy. 



18. TormentiUa crecta-ojricinalis. Curt. Lond. 337. Sept Foil._A perennial flowering in June and September. The 

 flowers are of a fine jellow colour; the straws are at first trailing, afterwards ascending; the leaves are of a fine green colour. 

 The roots are powerfully astringent; they are used, Dr. Withering inform, ,„ in several counties to tan leather, and that 



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rnlng. Hoi, or caustic lime, should be applied to the scites 



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Farmers find them efficacious in the dysenteries of cattle. They dye red. Goats, sheep, and swine eat the plant ; horses refuse 



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19. Rumex acetosella. Shee's Sorrel, or Dock. 

 June. It is very diminutive in dry sandy pastures; the leav 





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E. Bot. 1674; Flo. Dan. 1161.— A perennial plant, flowering in Mayan 



of the soil, and they are generally of 

 a deep red colour, caused by the drought. I have observed that it was sometimes cropped by sheep and hares; but in these 

 mstanccs there appeared always a great scarcity of other herbage. Liko. .vnrv .th.r .necies of Dock, it is with difficulty over- 



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es grow close upon the surface 



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Like .every other species 



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