1917] CURRENT LITERATURE &7 
In the case of the apple, the lipoids are attacked and decreased, but later 
a large amount of lipoid is constructed in the fungus itself. Non-protein 
nitrogen of the apple is converted into protein nitrogen of the parasite, decrease 
of the former paralleling increase of the latter; but some nitrogen loss results 
from complete decomposition of nitrogenous compounds with liberation of 
ammonia. The lipoid phosphorus and protein phosphorus of the apple are 
first broken down into soluble form, and then reconstructed into protein phos- 
phorus within the parasite. The sugars decrease rapidly as the disease pro- 
ceeds. The disaccharides are used much less rapidly and completely than the 
monosaccharides. The starch content remains unchanged. Acidity decreases, 
fox the malic acid of the apple is L ener without the formation ee any 
carbohydrates, The authors claim a fairl lete stat t of the chemical 
GAULlilyy 
differences between sound and black-rot diseased apples.—CuHarLes A. SHULL. 
Tropical vegetation.—In a botanical travelogue, GLEASON*” has described 
forests. Japan with its intensive cultivation of all available land ie so y little 
natural vegetation that it becomes insignificant compared with the Philippines. 
Here the reader is guided through a forest remarkable for luxuriance and 
rapidity of growth, and made acquainted with many lianas, epiphytes, and 
strangling figs or “baletes,”’ without losing sight of the stratification of tree — 
growth. Interruptions of the forest growth made by the natives in their 
attempts at agriculture are seen in the raped. reforestration of the “parangs,” 
or when fire has intervened in the grassy “cogons.” Among other matters of 
eseae eees seren ok es et in destroying 
wecetatinn dae ee 2 the etna 
At Java the Botanic Garden of Buitenzorg ith hits ooo pcs of plans 
. ing economic visited. In 
the latt r coll Ctic of such diff ; a clicis ba Five, "as. Castilloa, 
and Manihot growing sid ay idle aces bs to abound desing pc some 
Tiibodas was visited also and the beauties and 
of tropical plants are pointed out. "A sielar vst 
and excursions to examine various types of v 
ce ene ie tee D. bene 
