1917] MacCAUGHEY—HAWAIIAN FLORA 99 
Palms 
The palms furnish an interesting illustration of the 3 floral 
elements: indigenous, native introductions, and modern intro- 
ductions.** The capital city, Honolulu, is a veritable palm garden; 
there are some 80 species represented, which have been gathered 
from all parts of the tropics. There is scarcely a home or yard 
without its palms; some of the finest driveways are colonnaded 
with such stately species as Oreodoxa regia and Phoenix dactylifera; 
Fic. 3.—Arid, deeply eroded summit ridge, elevation 2000 ft., of eastern Koolau 
Mountains; absence of vegetation due partly to aridity, partly to devastations of 
goats; remnants of original forest cover occur here and there in hanging valleys 
near sky line and in deep ravines. 
and certain of the old estates, the famous Hillebrand gardens for 
example, are crowded with rare and choice specimens. The only 
palm introduced by the natives (and this introduction is neces- 
sarily more or less theoretical, in the absence of historical records) 
was the coco palm. This species (Cocos nucifera) is widely spread 
throughout Polynesia, and in early times formed a characteristic ? 
feature of many Hawaiian shores and beaches. : 
= es, ¥, The « economic woods << Hawaii, Forest a 
hee! 1916. - 
uarterly 14:696- 
