II4 BOTANICAL GAZETTE [AUGUST 
The starred names indicate species that have escaped from 
cultivation. Many of these have become so thoroughly naturalized © 
and established in the lower forests, on the lowlands, and along 
the beaches that they are easily confused with the true i ae ahs 
flora. 
The oe importation of this diversified series of edible, 
fiber-p , oil-producing, and other useful plants, from lands 
so remote, and by methods so primitive, betokens native, horti- 
cultural skill of no mean importance. As stated by LypGarTE, 
*“‘the successful introduction, perhaps acclimatization even, must 
have meant repeated voyages, extending over generations or even 
centuries. And not time alone, but patience and skill must have 
been required for the successful introduction of a seedless tree 
like the breadfruit. Under favorable conditions it is not easy to 
propagate; exposed to the trying vicissitudes of a long canoe 
voyage, weeks of wind gin weather and open sea, lack of water, 
burning sun and blighting spray, huddled into the bottom of the 
shallow canoe, how many, many failures there must have been.” 
In conclusion, it may be pertinent to suggest that there is an 
unwritten chapter in the history of Hawaii’s introduced flora, — 
namely the introductions possibly made by the early Spanish 
explorers. They undoubtedly visited the islands repeatedly, long — 
_ before the discovery by Coox’?; there are numerous evidences of 
their intercourse with the natives, and it is not all beyond the realm 
of probability that some of the plants now thoroughly sparse 
were brought & in by these early escent 
i waiian Islands ds were — ed ‘Spaniard in November, a In ee ov a 2 
200 years bef IE it 
ee ae See 
