oe _yet unconnected with a perfect form are added to those a 
266 BOTANICAL GAZETTE [ocroBER 
Stephanoma strigosum Wallr. the superficial cells are produced in a 
manner similar to those of certain bulbils. Mature bulbils may 
also resemble sclerotia. The latter, however, may be regarded as 
the result of the irregular massing together of vegetative filaments, 
the individual cells of which do not partake of the nature of spores 
either in appearance or structure, while in the bulbil those cells 
that are filled with protoplasm usually act independently of each 
other, in this respect resembling spores. There are a number of 
sclerotia of the simpler type, such as are produced by Penicillium 
italicum and its allies, which are small and more or less regular 
in form and outline, somewhat resembling bulbils in appearance. 
The mode of development of these sclerotia, however, consists in 
the irregular massing together of the vegetative filaments, as has 
just been mentioned. 
Before 1912 the literature relating to bulbils dealt with less than 
a dozen described forms. Most of these were referred either to the 
form genus Papulospora or-to Helicosporangium. Owing to the 
fact that the limitations of these two genera were not clearly defined, 
it was thought wise to redescribe the genus Papulospora (6), and 
to group all those fungi that produced bulbils, but whose perfect 
condition had not been obtained, into this form genus. The 
literature on this subject has been carefully reviewed in the article 
already mentioned. This article shows clearly that these fungi do 
not belong to any one of the natural orders, nor do they in any 
sense form a group by themselves, but occur without regularity 
as imperfect forms among the main groups of higher fungi. The 
forms, associated with bulbiferous Sains mentioned in that 
article, include among the Discomycetes a new species of Cubonia, 
este the Hypocreales 3 species of Melanospora; among the ee 
idiomycetes at least 4 types; while 9 species of Papulospora as — o 
2 : pie Among the latter, Bie; ees. candida Sace. eee . 
