1917] ANDREWS—LONGLEAF PINES 499 
While there are traditions of the former presence of this species 
on the northern side of the mountain, the only traces of them that 
_ I have been able to find there consist of two small, isolated groups 
which furnished the apparatus for nature’s instructive experiment 
alluded to. They are situated on opposite sides of a deep ravine 
which starts near the top of the mountain, at Fouché Gap (the 
westernmost of the three passes), and descends in a gradually 
widening rift to the bottom. The larger and more important of 
these groups occupies a portion of a steep incline between the crest 
of the ridge and a now abandoned road that winds along the eastern 
edge of the ravine. It numbered only five individuals, so far as 
could be seen when I first took note of them, in the summer of 1913. 
Of these, the rugged patriarch shown in the center of fig. 2, together 
with two smaller specimens in the background, one of them a mere 
sapling, were the only members of the colony conspicuous enough 
to attract the attention of any but a particularly interested observer. 
The other two were seedlings not over 4-5 dm. in height, and at 
this stage of development, when the needles are the only part 
above ground, so like the coarse grasses around them that even an 
expert, unless keenly on the lookout, would be liable to pass them 
by unnoticed (fig. 3). 
This group of five individuals was scattered over an area of 
half an acre, more or less, on the edge of an open copsewood which 
has repeatedly been cut for timber and cleared of undergrowth by 
minor forest fires. The rest of the declivity, from the gap to the 
crest of the ridge, had been cleared several years before for cotton 
planting, but after a short trial was abandoned as too rugged for 
cultivation. It was at this time (July 1913) neck deep in weeds, 
mixed with a scrub growth of brush and brambles; and not being 
in quest of the zoological specimens likely to abound in such places, 
I did not explore this jungle until two years later, after one of the 
periodical spring fires had cleared the ground. 
The second group, which served as the ‘control,’ is situated 
on the farther side of a low spur or knoll, separated from the 
neighboring colony by the intervening ravine and the wooded 
crown of the knoll. It included, when first observed, four indi- 
viduals, three of which were adults of full cone-bearing age, the 
