IN THEIR WINTER CONDITION. 1 ( .) 



Buds pointed, about twice as high as wide. 



Twigs glabrous and buds nearly so Q, rubra. 



Buds pubescent. 



Twigs pubescent Q. nigra. 



Twigs glabrous Q. tinctoria . 



Q. macrocarpa, Michx. Hist. Chenes. 180] Bur Oak. 



A large tree with rough, light colored bark, branchlets, and often the 

 light brown, glabrous or minutely pubescent twigs corky ridged, and fre- 

 quently persistent stipules. Leaf-scars sometimes triangular-heart- 

 shaped. Common. 



Q. trinoides, Willd. N. Schr. Ges. Berlin, iii, 1803; Spec. iv. 180.1. Q. 

 MuMertbergii, Engelm. Trans. St. L. Acad, iii, 1877. Chinquapin Oak. 



A shrub or tree with light, scaly bark, red or light brown glabrous 

 twigs and terminal buds not more than 4 mm. long. Very common in 

 upland woods. 



Q. rubra, L. Spec. 17">:;. Red Oak. 



A large tree with dark, close and quite smooth bark, red-brown or 

 gray-brown twigs and terminal buds 5 or (i mm. long with close scales. 

 Frequent in upland woods. 



Q tinctoria, Bartram, Trav. Ed. 2, 1794. Black Oak. 



A large tree with close, rough, dark bark, brown, glabrous twigs and 

 distinctly five-sided buds about 8 mm. long. Frequent in upland wood. 



Q, nigra, L. Spec. 1753. Black Jack. 



A medium tree with close, rough, dark bark, red-brown or gray-brown, 

 pubescent twigs and buds much as in Q. tinctoria. The twigs on vigor- 

 ous shoots are frequently glabrescent. Common in upland woods. 



45 SALIX, Tourn. Inst. 1700; L. Spec. 1753. 



Leaf-scars five-ranked; bundle-scars three: stipule-scars present; buds 

 appressed, pointed; scale one. 



Twigs and buds soft-pubescent; leaf-scars U-shaped. 



S. cordata. 



Twigs and buds glabrous or appressed-pubescent; leaf scars 



crescent or arcuate S'. longifoUa. 



Twigs and buds glabrous; leaf-scars U-shaped.. N amygdaloides. 



S amygdaloides, (Anders.) Anders. Ofv. Vet. Akad. Forh. 1858. S. 

 nigra, var. amygdaloides, Anders. Kcenig. sven. Akad. Ilandl. vi. 

 Twigs light yellowish-brown; A low or tall tree common in moist 

 places. 



S. longikolia. Muhl. in X. Schr. Ges. Nat. Fr. Berlin, iv. 1802. 



Sandbar Willow. . 

 A shrub with slender, red-brown twins andobtusebudsnot more than 

 4 mm. in length. Common in moist places 



