OF MOVEMENTS OF CHEST-WALL IN RESPIRATION. 259 



The second half is entirely unlike any thing that could be 

 radially produced by the rib, and can, in my opinion, only 

 be explained by the bending of the rib, which, as I have 

 shown before, usually occurs in forced expiratory efforts. 



The second act of coughing, which is portrayed in the 

 figure, is almost exactly like the first, except that, as 

 might have been anticipated, there is no slight drop pre- 

 ceding the second sudden closure of the glottis. 



In the second figure belonging to the same case (fig. 7), 



there are three acts of coughing in the same fit ; and it is 

 noticeable that, although the general method by which they 

 are accomplished is the same, the second and third acts are 

 apparently each preceded by a very short inspiratory effort. 

 In all, however, we notice the outward bulge upon the 

 closure of the glottis; and it is very interesting to note 

 that the extent of this forward push became greater the 

 lower the rib descended, as if the rib yielded to the pressure 

 of the air in the chest more easily in the position of partial 

 expiration than in that of full inspiration. 



In the act of sneezing, produced by snuff-taking, shown 

 in fig. 8, the course taken by the rib is remarkably like its 



track in coughing. There is first the almost rectilinear 



