8 MR. R. D. DARBISHIRE ON GREAT-ORME^S-HEAD 



The western limit of this strip of land has probably 

 undergone considerable waste. Its beach, especially where 

 it lies nearer the open sea, is covered with boulders of 

 all sizes, the remains of Glacial clay, to be described in the 

 sequel. 



The details of the superficial marine and subaerial beds 

 of the Head and the isthmus are the subject of this paper. 



As the following notes contain the results of many ex- 

 aminations of each point, they will be arranged at once, in 

 the order of the presumed antiquity of the successive for- 

 mations, under the following heads : — 



I. Marine formations and old land, 



A. Sea-bottom. 



B. Sea-beach and beach-marks. 



b. " Pholas ^^ -burrows. 



C. Clay and "sunk-forest" bed. 



II. Subaerial deposits. 



Detritus in clay and earth slopes (including 

 traces of occupation by animals or men) . 



III. Refuse-heaps and other relics of recent human 

 occupation. 



I. Marine Formations. — A. Sea-bottom. 



i. Apparently the earliest of the superficial beds hitherto 

 discovered is a remarkable deposit of yellow or white clay, 

 which is to be seen, as to its chief exposure on the Head, 

 at a point about 350 feet above the sea, near Gwydfyd 

 farmhouse, at the upper part of the open glen between the 

 north-eastern point of the Head and Pen y Dinas on the 

 south-east, where it is worked in a quarry for exportation. 

 This bed consists of siliceous sandy clay of very fine tex- 

 tm*e with a large proportion of chert fragments, and lies 

 here (as similar beds do on the Little Orme^s range) in a 



