4 MR. R. D. DARBISHIRE ON GREAT-ORMe's-HEAD 



him some years ago in a paper read to this Society (vol. x. 

 N. S.). 



At a higher level on the east side of the Head he noted 

 a blackish-brown clay^ with angular fragments of limestone, 

 traceable up to 162 feet above mid-tide, containing abun- 

 dance of Mytilus edulis, Patella vulgaris, and Littorina 

 littorea shells. He traced the clay 100 feet higher up, and 

 at a height of 400 feet he distinguished a singular deposit of 

 fine sandy shingle of small slate and Silurian gravel, very 

 similar to that on the beach below, mixed with large peb- 

 bles of white quartz and chert, and resting on large angu- 

 lar pieces of limestone. In this bed he found Mytilus, 

 Ostrea, Patella, and Littorina. The shingle appeared at 

 first sight to have been brought up for road>repair ; " but 

 the rounded pebbles of quartz and chert, and the fact of 

 having traced the shells all the way up the hill, convinced 

 him that it was a natural deposit. The fossils were similar 

 to the shells of the adjoining sea, and clearly proved the 

 elevation of the Head at least 400 feet in a very modern 

 epoch, gradually raising with it the banks of shells now 

 found on its sides, the living shells holding their place be- 

 tween high and low water, though the land was continually 

 going up.'' 



In the paper already mentioned, Mr. Bonney refers to 

 well-marked v/ave-marks on the face of the exposed cliff, 

 200 feet above the present sea-level, and mentions the oc- 

 currence of Patella and Littorina in the talus near Pen 

 Trwyn, the north-east point of the Head. He notes a bed 

 of clay in Gwydfyd hollow, between the Head and Pen y 

 Dinas, its south-eastern hill, with Tapes (pullastra?), 

 Mytilus, Ostrea, Patella, and Littorina, and conceives the 

 clay both here and elsewhere to have been deposited ^^ after 

 the ground had pretty nearly assumed its present confi- 

 guration, and not to have undergone much denudation 

 during the progress of upheaval. '^ After noticing certain 



