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  NEW 
  YORK 
  STATE 
  MUSEUM 
  

  

  the 
  western 
  bank 
  and 
  the 
  Adirondacks 
  covering 
  the 
  territory 
  be- 
  

   tween 
  the 
  St 
  Lawrence 
  and 
  Champlain 
  valleys. 
  Beyond 
  this 
  

   eastern 
  wall 
  the 
  true 
  mountain 
  chains 
  cease. 
  The 
  surface 
  of 
  the 
  

   western 
  portion 
  of 
  the 
  Appalachian 
  plateau 
  is 
  deeply 
  indented 
  

   by 
  valleys 
  with 
  their 
  bottoms 
  generally 
  several 
  hundred 
  feet 
  below 
  

   the 
  common 
  level 
  and 
  separated 
  by 
  high 
  ridges. 
  The 
  deep 
  trans- 
  

   verse 
  cut 
  forming 
  the 
  valley 
  of 
  the 
  Mohawk 
  river 
  and 
  Oneida 
  lake 
  

   and 
  opening 
  a 
  channel 
  from 
  the 
  low 
  lake 
  region 
  to 
  the 
  Hudson 
  

   river, 
  thus 
  dividing 
  the 
  main 
  plateau 
  into 
  two 
  distinct 
  masses, 
  is 
  

   not 
  the 
  least 
  remarkable 
  feature. 
  It 
  was 
  the 
  possession 
  of 
  this 
  

   mountain 
  pass, 
  with 
  broad 
  level 
  valleys 
  in 
  either 
  direction, 
  which 
  

   made 
  New 
  York 
  State 
  the 
  original 
  highway 
  from 
  the 
  east 
  to 
  the 
  

   west. 
  

  

  Rivers 
  and 
  lakes 
  of 
  Adirondack 
  plateau. 
  From 
  the 
  Adiron- 
  

   dack 
  plateau 
  streams 
  flow 
  to 
  the 
  north, 
  southeast 
  and 
  west. 
  The 
  

   principal 
  streams 
  flowing 
  north, 
  east 
  and 
  west 
  to 
  the 
  St 
  Law- 
  

   rence 
  system 
  are 
  Moose, 
  Beaver, 
  Oswegatchie, 
  Grasse, 
  Raquette, 
  

   St 
  Regis, 
  Salmon, 
  Saranac, 
  Ausable, 
  and 
  Bouquet 
  rivers. 
  The 
  

   southern 
  streams, 
  which 
  all 
  belong 
  to 
  the 
  Hudson 
  system, 
  are 
  

   Sacandaga, 
  Indian, 
  Cedar, 
  Opalescent, 
  Boreas, 
  and 
  Schroon 
  

   rivers, 
  and 
  East 
  Canada 
  and 
  West 
  Canada 
  creeks. 
  All 
  these 
  

   streams 
  head 
  in 
  lakes, 
  of 
  which 
  the 
  most 
  important, 
  tributary 
  to 
  

   the 
  St 
  Lawrence, 
  are 
  Placid, 
  Saranac, 
  St 
  Regis, 
  Loon, 
  Rainbow, 
  

   Osgood, 
  Meacham, 
  Massawepie, 
  Cranberry, 
  Tupper, 
  Smiths, 
  

   Albany, 
  Red 
  Horse 
  Chain, 
  Beaver, 
  Brandreth, 
  Bog 
  River 
  Chain, 
  

   Big 
  Moose, 
  Fulton 
  Chain, 
  Woodhull, 
  Bisby, 
  Raquette, 
  and 
  Blue 
  

   Mountain. 
  

  

  Following 
  are 
  the 
  principal 
  lakes 
  of 
  the 
  Adirondack 
  plateau 
  

   tributary 
  to 
  the 
  Hudson 
  system 
  : 
  Pleasant, 
  Piseco, 
  Oxbow, 
  Sacan- 
  

   daga, 
  Elm, 
  Morehouse, 
  Honnedaga, 
  West 
  Canada, 
  Wllmurt, 
  Sal- 
  

   mon, 
  Spruce, 
  Cedar, 
  Lewey, 
  Indian, 
  Rock, 
  Chain, 
  Catlin, 
  Rich, 
  

   Harris, 
  Newcomb, 
  Thirteenth, 
  Henderson, 
  Sanford, 
  Golden, 
  

   Boreas, 
  Elk, 
  Paradox, 
  Brant, 
  Schroon, 
  and 
  Luzerne. 
  There 
  are 
  

   a 
  number 
  of 
  other 
  lakes 
  in 
  New 
  York, 
  as 
  Chautauqua, 
  Conesus, 
  

   Hemlock, 
  Honeoye, 
  the 
  Finger 
  Lakes, 
  Onondaga, 
  Oneida 
  and 
  

   others. 
  

  

  