﻿HYDROLOGY 
  OF 
  NEW 
  YORK 
  169 
  

  

  from 
  north 
  to 
  south, 
  while 
  the 
  stream, 
  which 
  is 
  tributary 
  to 
  the 
  

   Seneca 
  river, 
  the 
  main 
  westerly 
  branch 
  of 
  the 
  Oswego, 
  flows 
  from 
  

   south 
  to 
  north, 
  or 
  in 
  the 
  right 
  direction 
  to 
  realize 
  the 
  maximum 
  

   possible 
  leakage, 
  or 
  percolation, 
  through 
  the 
  strata. 
  Inasmuch 
  as 
  

   no 
  such 
  leakage 
  is 
  mentioned, 
  it 
  may 
  be 
  reasonably 
  concluded 
  that 
  

   none 
  occurred. 
  

  

  Cazenovia 
  lake 
  and 
  Erieville 
  reservoirs 
  are 
  also 
  mentioned, 
  and 
  

   considerable 
  loss 
  of 
  water 
  is 
  given, 
  which 
  when 
  analyzed 
  is 
  found 
  

   to 
  be 
  loss 
  of 
  water 
  in 
  the 
  canal, 
  and 
  hence 
  not 
  in 
  any 
  degree 
  

   attributable 
  to 
  leakage 
  through 
  strata. 
  Cazenovia 
  lake 
  and 
  Erie- 
  

   ville 
  reservoirs 
  both 
  lie 
  south 
  of 
  the 
  Erie 
  canal, 
  and 
  flow 
  across 
  

   substantially 
  the 
  same 
  strata 
  as 
  the 
  outlet 
  of 
  Skaneateles 
  lake. 
  1 
  

  

  Such 
  facts 
  as 
  these, 
  while 
  lacking 
  the 
  proof 
  of 
  a 
  scientific 
  

   demonstration, 
  are 
  still 
  very 
  interesting 
  and 
  indicate 
  that 
  we 
  

   have 
  yet 
  much 
  to 
  learn 
  of 
  the 
  peculiarities 
  of 
  stream 
  flow. 
  On 
  

   the 
  whole, 
  while 
  they 
  point 
  to 
  a 
  moderate 
  loss 
  from 
  percolation, 
  

   so 
  far 
  as 
  the 
  writer 
  can 
  see 
  they 
  do 
  not 
  indicate 
  any 
  great 
  prob- 
  

   ability 
  of 
  very 
  large 
  loss 
  from 
  this 
  cause. 
  They 
  do 
  emphasize 
  the 
  

   fact 
  that 
  every 
  catchment 
  area 
  will 
  have 
  its 
  own 
  formula. 
  

  

  By 
  way 
  of 
  showing 
  that 
  the 
  theory 
  of 
  large 
  evaporation 
  on 
  

   deforested 
  catchment 
  areas 
  is 
  broadly 
  more 
  reasonable 
  that 
  the 
  

   theory 
  that 
  there 
  is 
  any 
  great 
  loss 
  of 
  water 
  by 
  seepage 
  owing 
  to 
  

   inclination 
  of 
  the 
  strata, 
  we 
  may 
  consider 
  the 
  Oroton 
  record 
  as 
  

   given 
  by 
  the 
  appended 
  table, 
  where 
  it 
  will 
  be 
  noted 
  that 
  the 
  

   evaporation 
  from 
  this 
  area 
  is 
  substantially 
  the 
  same 
  as 
  that 
  from 
  

   Muskingum 
  and 
  Genesee 
  rivers; 
  that 
  is 
  to 
  say, 
  it 
  is 
  the 
  evapora- 
  

   tion 
  of 
  a 
  deforested 
  area 
  — 
  the 
  area 
  in 
  forest 
  on 
  this 
  catchment 
  

   •does 
  not 
  exceed 
  10 
  per 
  cent. 
  In 
  placing 
  it 
  at 
  10 
  per 
  cent 
  the 
  

   writer 
  means 
  the 
  equivalent 
  in 
  actual 
  effect 
  x>f 
  dense 
  forest. 
  As 
  

   regards 
  geologic 
  formation 
  this 
  catchment 
  lies 
  almost 
  entirely 
  

   in 
  granites 
  and 
  gneisses, 
  in 
  which, 
  from 
  their 
  homogeneous 
  char- 
  

   acter, 
  it 
  is 
  difficult 
  to 
  assume 
  any 
  loss 
  by 
  percolation 
  through 
  

   strata. 
  There 
  is, 
  however, 
  a 
  small 
  area 
  of 
  metamorphic 
  Hudson 
  

   formation, 
  consisting 
  of 
  slate, 
  schist 
  and 
  quartzite, 
  and 
  also 
  a 
  

  

  ^nn. 
  Rept. 
  State 
  Engineer 
  and 
  Surveyor 
  for 
  1862, 
  pp. 
  403-404. 
  

  

  