﻿206 
  NEW 
  YORK 
  STATE 
  MUSEUM 
  

  

  Cazenoma 
  creek. 
  Cazenovia 
  creek 
  rises 
  in 
  the 
  extreme 
  south- 
  

   western 
  part 
  of 
  Erie 
  county 
  and 
  flows 
  in 
  a 
  northerly 
  direction 
  to 
  

   its 
  junction 
  with 
  Buffalo 
  creek, 
  to 
  form 
  Buffalo 
  river. 
  The 
  head- 
  

   waters 
  of 
  this 
  stream 
  are 
  in 
  hilly 
  country. 
  

  

  Eighteen 
  Mile 
  creek. 
  Eighteen 
  Mile 
  creek 
  flows 
  into 
  Lake 
  Erie 
  

   about 
  eleven 
  miles 
  west 
  of 
  the 
  city 
  of 
  Buffalo. 
  It 
  rises 
  in 
  the 
  

   south 
  part 
  of 
  Erie 
  county. 
  

  

  Cattaraugus 
  creek. 
  Cattaraugus 
  creek 
  is 
  the 
  boundary 
  line 
  

   between 
  Erie 
  and 
  Cattaraugus 
  counties. 
  Its 
  main 
  branch 
  rises 
  

   in 
  the 
  southwestern 
  part 
  of 
  Wyoming 
  county. 
  Its 
  course 
  is 
  gen- 
  

   erally 
  west 
  and 
  northwest. 
  The 
  elevation 
  of 
  its 
  headwaters 
  is 
  

   about 
  1600 
  feet 
  to 
  1800 
  feet 
  above 
  tide. 
  

  

  Smoke 
  creek, 
  Big 
  Sister 
  creek, 
  Muddy 
  creek, 
  Silver 
  creek, 
  Wal- 
  

   nut 
  creek, 
  Canadaway 
  creek 
  and 
  Chautauqua 
  creek 
  are 
  none 
  of 
  

   them 
  very 
  important 
  streams. 
  

  

  Tonaivanda 
  creek. 
  Tonawanda 
  creek 
  rises 
  in 
  the 
  western 
  part 
  

   of 
  Wyoming 
  county, 
  flows 
  northerly 
  through 
  Attica 
  to 
  Batavia 
  

   and 
  thence 
  westerly 
  to 
  the 
  Niagara 
  river 
  at 
  Tonawanda, 
  at 
  which 
  

   place 
  its 
  chief 
  tributary, 
  Ellicott 
  creek, 
  joins 
  the 
  main 
  stream. 
  

   For 
  the 
  first 
  thirty 
  miles 
  of 
  its 
  flow 
  the 
  creek 
  drains 
  hilly 
  and 
  

   rolling 
  country, 
  having 
  a 
  sharp 
  descent. 
  Its 
  extreme 
  headwaters 
  

   in 
  Wyoming 
  county 
  are 
  at 
  an 
  elevation 
  of 
  about 
  1200 
  feet. 
  From 
  

   Batavia 
  to 
  Tonawanda, 
  a 
  distance 
  of 
  nearly 
  sixty 
  miles 
  by 
  the 
  

   stream, 
  the 
  topography 
  is 
  flat, 
  having 
  a 
  total 
  fall 
  between 
  these 
  

   points 
  of 
  about 
  310 
  feet. 
  A 
  considerable 
  portion 
  of 
  the 
  catch- 
  

   ment 
  area 
  of 
  this 
  section 
  is 
  not 
  only 
  flat 
  and 
  marshy, 
  but 
  also 
  

   narrow. 
  Between 
  Batavia 
  and 
  Tonawanda 
  the 
  creek 
  has 
  been 
  

   modified 
  by 
  two 
  artificial 
  interruptions: 
  (1), 
  by 
  the 
  diversion 
  of 
  

   a 
  portion 
  of 
  its 
  water 
  through 
  a 
  diversion 
  channel 
  into 
  Oak 
  

   Orchard 
  creek, 
  from 
  which 
  water 
  is 
  drawn 
  to 
  the 
  Erie 
  canal 
  at 
  

   Medina; 
  and 
  (2), 
  at 
  Tonawanda 
  the 
  creek 
  is 
  artificially 
  raised 
  by 
  

   the 
  State 
  dam 
  and 
  the 
  stream 
  canalized 
  and 
  used 
  as 
  a 
  part 
  of 
  

   Erie 
  canal 
  for 
  a 
  distance 
  of 
  twelve 
  miles 
  to 
  Pendleton. 
  The 
  major 
  

   portion 
  of 
  the 
  water 
  supply 
  of 
  the 
  western 
  division 
  of 
  the 
  Erie 
  

   canal 
  is 
  drawn 
  from 
  Lake 
  Erie 
  through 
  this 
  canalized 
  portion 
  of 
  

  

  