﻿HYDROLOGY 
  OP 
  NEW 
  YORK 
  231 
  

  

  Carthage. 
  At 
  Carthage 
  we 
  have 
  what 
  are 
  known 
  as 
  the 
  long- 
  

   falls 
  of 
  Black 
  river, 
  the 
  river 
  falling 
  at 
  this 
  place 
  55 
  feet 
  

   vertically 
  in 
  a 
  distance 
  of 
  4600 
  feet. 
  The 
  first 
  water-power 
  

   establishment 
  was 
  David 
  Coffeen's 
  gristmill, 
  erected 
  on 
  the 
  west 
  

   bank 
  of 
  the 
  river 
  in 
  1806, 
  power 
  therefor 
  being 
  furnished 
  by 
  a 
  

   wing 
  dam 
  extending 
  diagonally 
  up 
  the 
  stream 
  from 
  the 
  mill. 
  A 
  

   forge, 
  operated 
  by 
  water 
  power, 
  was 
  built 
  in 
  1816 
  on 
  the 
  east 
  side 
  

   of 
  the 
  river, 
  and 
  Coffeen's 
  dam 
  extended 
  entirely 
  across 
  in 
  order 
  

   to 
  furnish 
  power. 
  A 
  blast 
  furnace 
  taking 
  power 
  from 
  the 
  river 
  

   was 
  built 
  in 
  1819. 
  A 
  nail 
  factory 
  was 
  erected 
  in 
  1828. 
  

  

  In 
  1830 
  a 
  tannery 
  was 
  erected 
  on 
  what 
  is 
  known 
  as 
  Tannery 
  

   island. 
  A 
  gristmill 
  was 
  built 
  on 
  Guyot's 
  island 
  in 
  1838. 
  Since 
  

   that 
  time 
  there 
  have 
  been 
  in 
  operation 
  on 
  this 
  island 
  a 
  forge, 
  a 
  

   rolling 
  mill, 
  a 
  gristmill, 
  nail 
  works, 
  ax 
  factory, 
  broomhandle 
  

   works, 
  furniture 
  factory, 
  carding 
  mill 
  and 
  general 
  repair 
  shops. 
  

   The 
  large 
  rolling 
  mill 
  and 
  nail 
  factory 
  of 
  Hiram 
  McCollom 
  was 
  

   begun 
  in 
  1845, 
  who 
  also 
  ibuilt 
  a 
  foundry 
  on 
  Furnace 
  island 
  in 
  

   the 
  same 
  year. 
  The 
  foundry 
  is 
  still 
  in 
  operation. 
  

  

  The 
  foregoing 
  brief 
  account 
  of 
  the 
  early 
  manufacturing 
  indus- 
  

   tries 
  of 
  the 
  lower 
  Black 
  river 
  valley, 
  while 
  only 
  a 
  skeleton, 
  is 
  still 
  

   extensive 
  enough 
  to 
  indicate 
  how 
  thoroughly 
  manufacturing 
  has 
  

   been 
  identified 
  with 
  the 
  development 
  of 
  this 
  valley 
  from 
  the 
  very 
  

   beginning. 
  It 
  is 
  certainly 
  clearly 
  shown 
  that 
  the 
  material 
  pros- 
  

   perity 
  of 
  the 
  region 
  has 
  been 
  greatly 
  advanced 
  by 
  Black 
  river 
  

   water 
  power. 
  

  

  Water 
  power 
  of 
  Black 
  river. 
  In 
  order 
  to 
  show 
  the 
  development 
  

   of 
  water 
  power 
  on 
  Black 
  river, 
  we 
  may 
  further 
  consider 
  table 
  

   No. 
  128, 
  water 
  power 
  in 
  use 
  on 
  Black 
  and 
  Beaver 
  rivers 
  (approxi- 
  

   mate), 
  as 
  given 
  in 
  the 
  writer's 
  Report 
  to 
  the 
  Board 
  of 
  Engineers 
  

   on 
  Deep 
  Waterways, 
  pp. 
  846-852, 
  inclusive. 
  The 
  following 
  abstract 
  

   of 
  this 
  table 
  shows 
  that 
  there 
  are 
  twenty 
  dams 
  on 
  Black 
  river 
  

   from 
  Dexter 
  to 
  Lyon 
  Falls, 
  inclusive, 
  with 
  ninety-three 
  establish- 
  

   ments 
  doing 
  business 
  : 
  

  

  Total 
  horsepower 
  of 
  water 
  wheels 
  in 
  use 
  54,050 
  

  

  Total 
  steam 
  power 
  used 
  1,482 
  

  

  Value 
  of 
  establishments 
  f 
  7,836,100 
  

  

  Value 
  of 
  the 
  annual 
  product 
  110,887,170 
  

  

  Number 
  of 
  hands 
  employed 
  in 
  mills 
  3,900 
  

  

  