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  NEW 
  YORK 
  STATE 
  MUSEUM 
  

  

  settlement 
  which, 
  were 
  soon 
  realized 
  at 
  Albany, 
  Waterford 
  and 
  

   Schenectady. 
  

  

  When 
  the 
  great 
  Dutch 
  navigator 
  sailed 
  up 
  the 
  river, 
  no 
  doubt 
  

   as 
  he 
  passed 
  on 
  from 
  day 
  to 
  day, 
  penetrating 
  farther 
  and 
  farther 
  

   inland, 
  the. 
  conviction 
  grew 
  upon 
  him 
  that 
  he 
  had 
  discovered 
  a 
  

   passage 
  through 
  the 
  continent 
  leading 
  to 
  India, 
  nOr 
  could 
  he 
  have 
  

   overlooked 
  the 
  vaist 
  possibilities 
  of 
  trade 
  and 
  commerce 
  opened 
  

   up, 
  even 
  when 
  he 
  finally 
  reached 
  the 
  head 
  of 
  navigation 
  and 
  foundi 
  

   that 
  the 
  East 
  Indian 
  passage 
  was 
  after 
  all 
  a 
  myth. 
  Indeed, 
  one 
  

   can 
  imagine 
  him 
  saying 
  to 
  his 
  companions, 
  "What 
  a 
  great 
  place 
  

   for 
  navigation 
  ! 
  " 
  We 
  can 
  imagine 
  a 
  company 
  standing 
  upon 
  the 
  

   deck 
  of 
  his 
  ship, 
  gazing 
  in 
  silent 
  wonder 
  over 
  the 
  panorama 
  at 
  

   either 
  side, 
  and 
  saying 
  to 
  one 
  another, 
  " 
  here, 
  indeed, 
  is 
  the 
  seat 
  of 
  

   future 
  empire." 
  

  

  The 
  tidal 
  action 
  of 
  the 
  Hudson 
  river 
  originally 
  terminated 
  at 
  

   the 
  rapids 
  above 
  Troy, 
  but 
  its 
  present 
  termination 
  is 
  a 
  few 
  miles 
  

   below, 
  at 
  the 
  Troy 
  dam, 
  a 
  structure 
  erected 
  about 
  1820 
  as 
  a 
  part 
  

   of 
  the 
  State 
  canal 
  system. 
  There 
  is 
  a 
  lock 
  at 
  the 
  east 
  end 
  of 
  this 
  

   dam 
  through 
  which 
  canal 
  boats 
  pass 
  into 
  the 
  pool 
  above, 
  thus 
  

   enabling 
  them 
  to 
  reach 
  Lansingburg 
  on 
  the 
  east 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  river, 
  

   or 
  Waterford, 
  on 
  the 
  west 
  side, 
  where 
  they 
  may 
  enter 
  the 
  Cham- 
  

   plain 
  canal. 
  

  

  In 
  ascending 
  the 
  river 
  the 
  principal 
  streams 
  on 
  the 
  east 
  side 
  are 
  

   Harlem 
  river, 
  Oroton 
  river, 
  Fishkill 
  creek, 
  Wappinger 
  creek,. 
  

   Roeliff 
  Jansen 
  kill, 
  Claverack 
  creek, 
  Kinderhook 
  creek, 
  Hoosic 
  

   river, 
  Battenkill, 
  Schroon 
  river 
  and 
  Boreas 
  river. 
  On 
  the 
  west 
  

   side, 
  the 
  principal 
  streams 
  are 
  Murderers 
  creek, 
  Rondout 
  creek,. 
  

   Wallkill 
  river, 
  Esopus 
  creek, 
  Oatskill 
  creek, 
  Normanskill 
  r 
  

   Mohawk 
  river, 
  Fish 
  creek, 
  Saeandaga 
  river, 
  Indian 
  river 
  and 
  

   Cedar 
  river. 
  

  

  The 
  principal 
  tributaries 
  of 
  the 
  Mohawk 
  from 
  the 
  north 
  are 
  

   Chuctenunda 
  creek, 
  Cayadutta 
  creek, 
  Garoga 
  creek, 
  East 
  Canada 
  

   creek 
  and 
  West 
  Canada 
  creek. 
  From 
  the 
  south, 
  Schoharie 
  creek, 
  

   Sauquoit 
  creek 
  and 
  Oriskany 
  creek, 
  and 
  from 
  the 
  west 
  the 
  Lansing 
  

   kill. 
  There 
  are 
  tributary 
  to 
  both 
  the 
  Hudson 
  and 
  Mohawk 
  rivers 
  

   a 
  considerable 
  number 
  of 
  smaller 
  streams, 
  some 
  of 
  which 
  have 
  

  

  