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  328 
  NEW 
  YORK 
  STATE 
  MUSEUM 
  

  

  Annual 
  Keports 
  of 
  the 
  State 
  Engineer 
  and 
  Surveyor. 
  The 
  follow- 
  

   ing 
  are 
  the 
  streams 
  discussed 
  in 
  this 
  connection: 
  

  

  Genesee 
  river. 
  Hudson 
  river. 
  

  

  Oatka 
  creek. 
  Croton 
  river. 
  

  

  Hemlock 
  lake. 
  Mohawk 
  river. 
  

  

  Oswego 
  river. 
  East 
  Canada 
  creek. 
  

  

  Seneca 
  river. 
  West 
  Canada 
  creek. 
  

  

  Skaneateles 
  outlet. 
  Sauquoit 
  creek. 
  

  

  Chittenango 
  creek. 
  Oriskany 
  creek. 
  

  

  Black 
  river. 
  Schroon 
  river. 
  

   Richelieu 
  river— 
  Outlet 
  of 
  Lake 
  Champlain. 
  

  

  Of 
  the 
  foregoing, 
  Hemlock 
  lake 
  has 
  been 
  gaged 
  by 
  weir 
  and 
  

   measurements 
  of 
  the 
  amount 
  flowing 
  through 
  the 
  conduit 
  leading 
  

   therefrom 
  to 
  the 
  city 
  of 
  Kochester; 
  Skaneateles 
  outlet 
  has 
  been 
  

   gaged 
  by 
  weir 
  and 
  the 
  amount 
  flowing 
  through 
  conduit; 
  Lake 
  

   Champlain 
  outlet 
  by 
  rating 
  curve, 
  and 
  Eaton 
  and 
  Madison 
  brooks 
  

   by 
  weir. 
  The 
  balance 
  of 
  the 
  streams 
  have 
  been 
  gaged 
  by 
  measure- 
  

   ments 
  over 
  dams, 
  in 
  accordance 
  with 
  the 
  method 
  described 
  (1) 
  

   in 
  the 
  Report 
  to 
  the 
  Board 
  of 
  Engineers 
  on 
  Deep 
  Waterways; 
  

   and 
  (2) 
  in 
  the 
  paper 
  On 
  the 
  Flow 
  of 
  Water 
  Over 
  Dams. 
  

  

  Gagings 
  over 
  dams 
  and 
  through 
  water 
  wheels. 
  Before 
  proceed- 
  

   ing 
  to 
  describe 
  these 
  gagings 
  we 
  will 
  consider 
  somewhat 
  the 
  

   methods 
  used. 
  Several 
  of 
  these 
  gaging 
  stations, 
  as 
  at 
  Baldwins- 
  

   ville, 
  High 
  dam, 
  Little 
  Falls, 
  Middleville, 
  Dolgeville, 
  etc. 
  have 
  ex- 
  

   tensive 
  power 
  developments, 
  with 
  large 
  quantities 
  of 
  water 
  pass- 
  

   ing 
  through 
  turbine 
  water 
  wheels 
  for 
  either 
  the 
  whole 
  or 
  a 
  por- 
  

   tion 
  of 
  each 
  day. 
  The 
  dams 
  at 
  these 
  places 
  vary 
  greatly 
  in 
  type 
  

   form. 
  Hardly 
  any 
  two 
  cross-sections 
  are 
  alike, 
  although 
  some 
  

   of 
  them 
  conform 
  generally 
  to 
  certain 
  types. 
  Many 
  of 
  them 
  have 
  

   considerable 
  irregularity 
  in 
  the 
  crests 
  longitudinally. 
  The 
  

   method 
  of 
  treatment 
  in 
  order 
  to 
  obtain 
  approximately 
  correct 
  

   results 
  becomes, 
  therefore, 
  a 
  matter 
  of 
  difficulty. 
  In 
  some 
  

   cases, 
  as 
  on 
  West 
  Canada 
  creek, 
  where 
  the 
  crest 
  was 
  very 
  irregu- 
  

   lar, 
  a 
  small 
  amount 
  of 
  work 
  has 
  been 
  done 
  in 
  the 
  way 
  of 
  leveling 
  

   it. 
  Generally, 
  however, 
  the 
  crests 
  were 
  left 
  in 
  nearly 
  the 
  same 
  

   condition 
  as 
  found. 
  A 
  profile 
  was 
  carefully 
  taken 
  and 
  the 
  crest 
  

   divided 
  into 
  a 
  series 
  of 
  approximately 
  level 
  sections 
  for 
  compu- 
  

   tation. 
  A 
  gaging 
  blank 
  was 
  furnished 
  the 
  gage 
  readers, 
  with 
  

   columns 
  for 
  entering 
  depth 
  on 
  crest 
  of 
  dam, 
  and 
  number 
  of 
  

   water 
  wheels 
  used, 
  size 
  of 
  same, 
  name 
  of 
  manufacturer 
  and 
  daily 
  

  

  