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  NEW 
  YORK 
  STATE 
  MUSEUM 
  

  

  amounts 
  to 
  339 
  square 
  miles 
  above 
  the 
  old 
  Croton 
  dam 
  and 
  to 
  

   360 
  square 
  miles 
  above 
  the 
  new 
  Oroton 
  dam 
  under 
  construc- 
  

   tion. 
  The 
  main 
  river 
  is 
  formed 
  by 
  three 
  branches, 
  known 
  

   respectively 
  as 
  east, 
  middle 
  and 
  west 
  branches, 
  which, 
  rising 
  

   in 
  the 
  southern 
  part 
  of 
  Dutchess 
  county, 
  flow 
  through 
  Putnam 
  

   county 
  and 
  unite 
  near 
  its 
  south 
  boundary. 
  The 
  river 
  then 
  flows 
  

   across 
  Westchester 
  county 
  to 
  the 
  Hudson 
  river, 
  into 
  which 
  it 
  

   empties 
  at 
  Oroton 
  Point, 
  about 
  thirty 
  miles 
  north 
  of 
  the 
  Oity 
  of 
  

   New 
  York. 
  The 
  principal 
  tributaries, 
  aside 
  from 
  the 
  east, 
  mid- 
  

   dle 
  and 
  west 
  branches, 
  are 
  Kisko, 
  Titicus, 
  Cross, 
  and 
  Muscoot 
  

   rivers. 
  

  

  The 
  floAv 
  of 
  the 
  Oroton 
  river 
  is 
  diverted 
  through 
  two 
  aqueducts. 
  

   A 
  record 
  of 
  the 
  flow 
  has 
  been 
  kept 
  at 
  old 
  Oroton 
  dam 
  since 
  1868. 
  

  

  Fig'. 
  27 
  Diagram 
  of 
  old 
  Croton 
  dam. 
  

  

  This 
  record 
  includes 
  the 
  quantity 
  of 
  water 
  wasted 
  over 
  the 
  crest 
  

   of 
  the 
  dam, 
  as 
  well 
  as 
  that 
  diverted 
  for 
  the 
  water 
  supply 
  of 
  New 
  

   York. 
  

  

  In 
  1900 
  John 
  R. 
  Freeman 
  made 
  a 
  report 
  on 
  the 
  New 
  York 
  

   water 
  supply 
  1 
  in 
  which 
  is 
  an 
  extended 
  study 
  of 
  the 
  yield 
  of 
  the 
  

   Oroton 
  catchment 
  area. 
  It 
  is 
  stated 
  that 
  the 
  results 
  previously 
  

   published 
  average 
  10 
  per 
  cent 
  too 
  large, 
  the 
  difference 
  between 
  

   the 
  earlier 
  estimates 
  and 
  the 
  present 
  being 
  due 
  mostly 
  to 
  the 
  use 
  

   of 
  erroneous 
  data, 
  as 
  follows: 
  

  

  1) 
  The 
  flow 
  wasting 
  over 
  the 
  old 
  Croton 
  dam 
  was 
  overesti- 
  

   mated 
  about 
  9 
  per 
  cent 
  by 
  the 
  use 
  of 
  a 
  formula 
  not 
  strictly 
  ap- 
  

   plicable 
  to 
  this 
  peculiar 
  form 
  of 
  dam, 
  and 
  because 
  of 
  a 
  mistaken 
  

   assumption 
  in 
  length 
  of 
  overfall. 
  On 
  measuring 
  the 
  length 
  of 
  

   crest 
  line 
  of 
  dam, 
  it 
  was 
  found 
  shorter 
  than 
  heretofore 
  assumed 
  

  

  1 
  Report 
  on 
  New 
  York's 
  Water 
  Supply, 
  with 
  Particular 
  Reference 
  to 
  the 
  

   Needs 
  of 
  Procuring 
  Additional 
  Sources 
  and 
  Their 
  Probable 
  Costs, 
  by 
  John 
  R. 
  

   Freeman, 
  C. 
  E., 
  1900. 
  

  

  