﻿HYDROLOGY 
  OF 
  NEW 
  YORK 
  433 
  

  

  3) 
  In 
  order 
  to 
  protect 
  the 
  adjoining 
  country 
  from 
  tidal 
  inunda- 
  

   tion, 
  it 
  will 
  be 
  necessary 
  to 
  construct 
  on 
  either 
  bank, 
  dykes 
  at 
  

   such 
  distances 
  that 
  at 
  ebb 
  tide 
  the 
  force 
  of 
  the 
  river 
  will 
  be 
  

   sufficient 
  to 
  carry 
  out 
  to 
  sea 
  the 
  silt, 
  etc., 
  deposited 
  during 
  the 
  

   inflowing 
  of 
  the 
  tide. 
  

  

  The 
  foregoing 
  principles 
  of 
  river 
  regulation 
  are 
  general 
  in 
  their 
  

   character, 
  and 
  apply 
  in 
  some 
  degree 
  to 
  every 
  river 
  in 
  the 
  United 
  

   States. 
  1 
  

  

  In 
  regard 
  to 
  the 
  definition 
  of 
  river 
  conservancy 
  as 
  given 
  on 
  a 
  

   preceding 
  page, 
  it 
  may 
  be 
  mentioned 
  that 
  the 
  third 
  head 
  — 
  the 
  

   culture 
  and 
  preservation 
  of 
  fish 
  — 
  has 
  already 
  been 
  fully 
  cared 
  

   for 
  by 
  the 
  Forest, 
  Fish 
  and 
  Game 
  Commission 
  of 
  this 
  State, 
  and 
  

   in 
  regard 
  to 
  the 
  second 
  head 
  — 
  the 
  maintenance 
  and 
  regulation 
  of 
  

   streams 
  for 
  navigation 
  — 
  this 
  phase 
  of 
  the 
  subject 
  has 
  been 
  under- 
  

   taken 
  by 
  the 
  Federal 
  government 
  and 
  is 
  therefore 
  not 
  specially 
  

   considered 
  here. 
  The 
  first 
  head 
  — 
  the 
  preservation 
  and 
  improve- 
  

   ment 
  of 
  a 
  stream 
  for 
  domestic, 
  sanitary 
  and 
  industrial 
  purposes 
  

   — 
  the 
  fourth 
  head 
  — 
  the 
  effectual 
  drainage 
  of 
  the 
  district 
  through 
  

   which 
  the 
  stream 
  runs 
  — 
  and 
  the 
  fifth 
  head 
  — 
  the 
  abatement 
  of 
  

   injury 
  to 
  lands 
  by 
  floods 
  — 
  are 
  specially 
  considered. 
  The 
  three 
  

   heads 
  are 
  interrelated 
  and 
  the 
  discussion 
  may 
  proceed 
  without 
  

   further 
  special 
  subdivision. 
  

  

  Floorl 
  overflows 
  not 
  necessarily 
  injurious. 
  Flood 
  flows, 
  when 
  

   occurring 
  either 
  late 
  in 
  the 
  fall 
  or 
  early 
  in 
  the 
  spring, 
  are 
  not 
  

   only 
  not 
  necessarily 
  injurious, 
  but 
  may 
  be 
  a 
  source 
  of 
  consider- 
  

   able 
  benefit 
  to 
  agriculture. 
  Streams 
  carry, 
  when 
  in 
  flood 
  flow, 
  

   a 
  large 
  amount 
  of 
  silt 
  which 
  is 
  valuable 
  for 
  manure, 
  which 
  

   enriches 
  land, 
  and 
  when 
  the 
  inundation 
  is 
  annual, 
  it 
  may 
  be 
  a 
  

   source 
  of 
  unending 
  fertility. 
  To 
  cite 
  one 
  case, 
  the 
  river 
  Nile 
  

   has 
  maintained 
  the 
  fertility 
  of 
  its 
  valley 
  from 
  time 
  immemorial 
  

   from 
  this 
  source. 
  The 
  same 
  thing 
  is 
  true 
  on 
  the 
  Mohawk 
  and 
  Gen- 
  

   esee 
  rivers, 
  and 
  many 
  other 
  streams 
  of 
  this 
  State. 
  

  

  It 
  is 
  also 
  true 
  that 
  floods 
  in 
  the 
  late 
  spring 
  or 
  early 
  summer, 
  

   after 
  crops 
  have 
  been 
  planted, 
  may 
  be 
  a 
  source 
  of 
  very 
  serious 
  

   damage. 
  During 
  the 
  summer 
  of 
  1902 
  very 
  serious 
  floods 
  occurred 
  

   in 
  the 
  month 
  of 
  July. 
  Probably 
  the 
  damage 
  from 
  such 
  floods 
  in 
  

  

  a 
  The 
  Regulation 
  of 
  Rivers 
  and 
  Waterways, 
  With 
  a 
  View 
  to 
  the 
  Prevention 
  

   of 
  Floods, 
  by 
  Gustav 
  Ritter 
  von 
  Wex, 
  Proc. 
  Inst. 
  C. 
  E., 
  Vol. 
  LXIX, 
  p. 
  323. 
  

  

  