﻿HYDROLOGY 
  OF 
  NEW 
  YORK 
  439 
  

  

  water 
  that 
  will 
  occur 
  along 
  the 
  lower 
  reaches 
  of 
  a 
  river 
  when 
  

   the 
  stages 
  at 
  points 
  higher 
  up 
  are 
  known. 
  Judgment 
  as 
  to 
  such 
  

   cases 
  is 
  based 
  upon 
  the 
  observed 
  hight 
  in 
  previous 
  years. 
  

   Hence, 
  the 
  value 
  of 
  a 
  record 
  of 
  water 
  stages 
  in 
  determining 
  the 
  

   relation 
  between 
  the 
  wave 
  crest 
  at 
  various 
  points 
  along 
  a 
  river; 
  

   but 
  the 
  relation 
  between 
  these 
  will 
  not 
  be 
  identically 
  the 
  same 
  

   in 
  all 
  cases 
  — 
  it 
  will 
  depend 
  upon 
  the 
  distribution 
  of 
  the 
  rain- 
  

   fall 
  and 
  other 
  causes 
  over 
  the 
  catchment 
  basin 
  of 
  a 
  river. 
  The 
  

   average 
  of 
  a 
  great 
  many 
  cases 
  gives 
  a 
  result 
  which, 
  though 
  some- 
  

   times 
  in 
  error, 
  is 
  in 
  most 
  cases 
  nearly 
  right. 
  

  

  Predictions 
  as 
  to 
  the 
  hight 
  of 
  floods 
  based 
  on 
  the 
  preceding 
  

   general 
  method 
  have 
  been 
  kept 
  in 
  France 
  since 
  1854, 
  and 
  in 
  the 
  

   United 
  States 
  on 
  the 
  Mississippi, 
  Missouri, 
  Ohio 
  and 
  other 
  tribu- 
  

   taries 
  of 
  the 
  Mississippi 
  for 
  the 
  last 
  fifteen 
  to 
  twenty 
  years. 
  

   Generally 
  the 
  rivers 
  of 
  New 
  York 
  State 
  are 
  not 
  long 
  enough 
  

   to 
  make 
  such 
  predictions 
  specially 
  reliable, 
  although 
  on 
  some 
  

   of 
  the 
  longer 
  rivers 
  they 
  may 
  be 
  successfully 
  applied. 
  At 
  Cin- 
  

   cinnati, 
  Louisville 
  and 
  Cairo 
  predictions 
  may 
  be 
  made 
  from 
  two 
  

   to 
  six 
  days 
  in 
  advance 
  of 
  a 
  destructive 
  flood. 
  

  

  This 
  matter 
  is 
  merely 
  mentioned 
  here 
  as 
  one 
  of 
  the 
  practical 
  

   outcomes 
  of 
  the 
  study 
  of 
  floods 
  in 
  large 
  streams. 
  It 
  is 
  exten- 
  

   sively 
  discussed 
  in 
  Kussell's 
  Meteorology 
  1 
  to 
  which 
  the 
  reader 
  

   is 
  referred 
  for 
  more 
  extended 
  information. 
  2 
  

  

  Maximum 
  Flow 
  of 
  Streams 
  in 
  New 
  York 
  

  

  We 
  will 
  now 
  take 
  up 
  a 
  brief 
  description 
  of 
  floods 
  on 
  the 
  various 
  

   rivers 
  of 
  the 
  State, 
  following 
  the 
  same 
  order 
  as 
  previously 
  used 
  

   in 
  discussing 
  the 
  classification 
  of 
  streams. 
  Since 
  there 
  is 
  no 
  

   information 
  as 
  to 
  floods 
  on 
  many 
  streams, 
  only 
  those 
  will 
  be 
  men- 
  

   tioned 
  where 
  information 
  is 
  available. 
  

  

  Floods 
  hi 
  Buffalo 
  river. 
  This 
  stream 
  is 
  formed 
  by 
  the 
  junction 
  

   of 
  Cayuga 
  creek, 
  Buffalo 
  creek 
  and 
  Cazenovia 
  creek, 
  which 
  unite 
  

   near 
  Buffalo. 
  The 
  catchment 
  areas 
  of 
  these 
  various 
  streams 
  are 
  

   given 
  on 
  page 
  205. 
  The 
  slope 
  of 
  Cazenovia 
  creek 
  is 
  steeper 
  in 
  its 
  

  

  x 
  See 
  chap. 
  10, 
  River 
  Stage 
  Predictions, 
  in 
  Meteorology. 
  Weather 
  and 
  

   Methods 
  of 
  Forecasting 
  and 
  River 
  Flood 
  Predictions 
  in 
  the 
  United 
  States, 
  

   by 
  Thomas 
  Russell. 
  A 
  general 
  resume 
  of 
  the 
  cause 
  of 
  floods 
  is 
  also 
  given 
  

   in 
  chap. 
  9 
  of 
  the 
  same 
  work. 
  

  

  2 
  Abstract 
  from 
  Report 
  of 
  the 
  Water 
  Storage 
  Commission. 
  

  

  