﻿HYDROLOGY 
  OP 
  NEW 
  YORK 
  553 
  

  

  the 
  position 
  of 
  the 
  canal 
  department 
  in 
  this 
  controversy 
  has 
  been 
  

   that 
  if 
  necessary 
  the 
  department 
  could 
  stop 
  industries 
  in 
  favor 
  

   of 
  navigation, 
  although 
  the 
  money 
  interest 
  is 
  much 
  greater 
  in 
  

   favor 
  of 
  manufacturing 
  than 
  in 
  favor 
  of 
  navigation. 
  On 
  Black 
  

   river 
  the 
  principle 
  of 
  compensation 
  in 
  kind 
  has 
  been 
  adopted 
  in 
  

   the 
  mos.t 
  explicit 
  manner, 
  while 
  in 
  the 
  case 
  of 
  Skaneateles 
  lake 
  it 
  

   is 
  assumed 
  that 
  the 
  wants 
  of 
  a 
  great 
  municipality 
  are 
  superior 
  

   to 
  the 
  demands 
  of 
  navigation. 
  

  

  There 
  are 
  many 
  other 
  cases 
  throughout 
  the 
  State 
  equally 
  em- 
  

   phasizing 
  the 
  contradictory 
  nature 
  of 
  the 
  laws 
  governing 
  the 
  

   ownership 
  of 
  water. 
  It 
  is 
  inevitable 
  that 
  such 
  laws 
  should 
  

   paralyze 
  industry, 
  with 
  the 
  result 
  that 
  only 
  about 
  25 
  per 
  cent 
  of 
  

   the 
  total 
  waterpower 
  of 
  the 
  State 
  is 
  developed. 
  Had 
  these 
  laws 
  

   not 
  existed, 
  or 
  had 
  they 
  been 
  either 
  removed, 
  modified 
  or 
  made 
  

   consistent 
  forty 
  or 
  fifty 
  years 
  ago, 
  it 
  is 
  believed 
  that 
  from 
  60 
  

   to 
  75 
  per 
  cent 
  of 
  the 
  total 
  waterpower 
  would 
  now 
  be 
  developed 
  

   and 
  the 
  population 
  and 
  wealth 
  of 
  the 
  State 
  would 
  be 
  far 
  greater 
  

   than 
  it 
  is 
  under 
  present 
  conditions. 
  1 
  

  

  These 
  interesting 
  problems 
  are 
  presented 
  for 
  consideration 
  in 
  

   the 
  hope 
  that 
  the 
  people 
  in 
  their 
  wisdom 
  will 
  arrive 
  at 
  a 
  solution 
  

   which, 
  while 
  protecting 
  whatever 
  rights 
  the 
  iState 
  may 
  justly 
  

   retain, 
  will 
  still 
  in 
  no 
  way 
  interfere 
  with 
  the 
  full 
  development 
  of 
  

   manufacturing 
  enterprise 
  on 
  any 
  stream. 
  

  

  During 
  the 
  last 
  ten 
  to 
  fifteen 
  years 
  the 
  electrical 
  trans- 
  

   mission 
  of 
  power 
  has 
  rendered 
  it 
  possible 
  to 
  utilize 
  power 
  from 
  

   large 
  central 
  stations 
  distributed 
  to 
  relatively 
  remote 
  points. 
  

   It 
  is 
  now 
  possible 
  to 
  use 
  mountain 
  powers 
  for 
  the 
  operation 
  of 
  

   single 
  plants 
  often 
  many 
  miles 
  distant. 
  Electrical 
  transmis- 
  

   sions 
  of 
  from 
  forty 
  to 
  sixty 
  miles 
  are 
  no 
  longer 
  very 
  difficult, 
  

   and 
  such 
  transmissions 
  have 
  been 
  made 
  in 
  the 
  west 
  for 
  from 
  one 
  

   hundred 
  to 
  two 
  hundred 
  miles. 
  But 
  it 
  should 
  not 
  be 
  overlooked 
  

   that 
  in 
  the 
  case 
  of 
  some 
  of 
  the 
  lines 
  there, 
  used 
  for 
  mining, 
  etc., 
  

   it 
  has 
  been 
  a 
  question 
  purely 
  of 
  electrical 
  transmission 
  or 
  no 
  

   power 
  — 
  the 
  question 
  of 
  expense 
  has 
  not 
  entered 
  specially 
  into 
  

   the 
  account. 
  The 
  more 
  advantageous 
  use 
  of 
  large 
  streams, 
  but 
  

   under 
  conditions 
  which 
  present 
  many 
  difficulties 
  without 
  the 
  

  

  1 
  See 
  discussion 
  of 
  future 
  power 
  development 
  in 
  the 
  Adirondack 
  region 
  

   on 
  page 
  555. 
  

  

  