﻿HYDROLOGY 
  OF 
  NEW 
  YORK 
  563 
  

  

  an 
  essential 
  element 
  in 
  the 
  development 
  of 
  that 
  cotton 
  manufac- 
  

   turing 
  center; 
  while 
  upon 
  the 
  Blackstone 
  river, 
  and 
  many 
  lesser 
  

   streams 
  throughout 
  the 
  State, 
  the 
  existence 
  of 
  sites 
  naturally 
  

   adapted 
  to 
  the 
  erection 
  of 
  mills 
  was 
  influential 
  in 
  the 
  expansion 
  

   of 
  the 
  woolen 
  and 
  cotton 
  industries 
  in 
  the 
  early 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  cen- 
  

   tury, 
  thus 
  laying 
  the 
  foundation 
  of 
  numerous 
  thriving 
  communi- 
  

   ties. 
  

  

  In 
  Massachusetts, 
  Connecticut 
  and 
  Rhode 
  Island 
  a 
  liberal 
  

   policy 
  towards 
  manufacturing 
  has 
  always 
  been 
  exercised. 
  There 
  

   is 
  a 
  system 
  of 
  reservoirs 
  practically 
  utilizing 
  the 
  water 
  power 
  of 
  

   every 
  stream, 
  and 
  even 
  comparatively 
  small 
  brooks 
  are 
  in 
  many 
  

   cases 
  fully 
  developed 
  and 
  are 
  the 
  source 
  of 
  wealth 
  to 
  the 
  citizens. 
  

  

  There 
  is 
  another 
  significant 
  fact 
  to 
  be 
  mentioned 
  in 
  regard 
  to 
  

   the 
  foregoing 
  tabulations. 
  In 
  Connecticut, 
  Massachusetts 
  and 
  

   Rhode 
  Island 
  not 
  only 
  wais 
  the 
  annual 
  manufactured 
  product 
  per 
  

   capita 
  greater 
  than 
  it 
  was 
  in 
  New 
  York 
  in 
  both 
  1900 
  and 
  1890, 
  but 
  

   the 
  real 
  estate 
  per 
  capita 
  was 
  also 
  greater, 
  although 
  the 
  difference 
  

   was 
  less 
  in 
  1900 
  than 
  in 
  1890. 
  

  

  Relation 
  of 
  area 
  to 
  population. 
  A 
  further 
  test 
  of 
  such 
  statis- 
  

   tics 
  is 
  as 
  to 
  the 
  effect 
  upon 
  population. 
  If 
  we 
  find 
  population 
  

   proportionately 
  increased 
  in 
  Connecticut, 
  Massachusetts 
  and 
  

   Rhode 
  Island, 
  we 
  may 
  assume 
  that 
  a 
  chief 
  incentive 
  has 
  been 
  

   the 
  rational 
  encouragement 
  of 
  manufacturing 
  through 
  the 
  opera- 
  

   tion 
  of 
  well-devised 
  mill 
  acts. 
  

  

  According 
  to 
  the 
  tabulations 
  the 
  population 
  of 
  New 
  York 
  in 
  

   1900 
  was 
  7,268,894; 
  of 
  Connecticut, 
  908,420; 
  of 
  Massachusetts, 
  

   2,805,346, 
  and 
  of 
  Rhode 
  Island, 
  428,556. 
  Assuming 
  that 
  Con- 
  

   necticut 
  had 
  the 
  same 
  area 
  as 
  New 
  York, 
  with 
  a 
  population 
  propor- 
  

   tionate 
  to 
  its 
  present 
  population, 
  we 
  would 
  find 
  a 
  total 
  population 
  

   for 
  Connecticut 
  of 
  9,084,200; 
  in 
  Massachusetts, 
  the 
  actual 
  popu- 
  

   lation 
  in 
  1900 
  was 
  2,805,346, 
  but 
  with 
  the 
  area 
  of 
  New 
  York, 
  the 
  

   proportionate 
  population 
  would 
  be 
  16,856,000; 
  the 
  population 
  of 
  

   Rhode 
  Island 
  is 
  for 
  an 
  area 
  of 
  a 
  little 
  over 
  1053 
  square 
  miles, 
  

   428,556 
  ; 
  with 
  an 
  area 
  forty-five 
  times 
  as 
  great 
  — 
  the 
  equivalent 
  of 
  

   the 
  area 
  of 
  New 
  Y'ork 
  — 
  the 
  population 
  of 
  Rhode 
  Island 
  would 
  be 
  

   19,285,000. 
  We 
  reach, 
  therefore, 
  the 
  conclusion 
  that 
  in 
  Con- 
  

   necticut, 
  Massachusetts 
  and 
  Rhode 
  Island, 
  on 
  an 
  actual 
  area 
  of 
  

   a 
  little 
  less 
  than 
  14,000 
  square 
  miles, 
  with 
  a 
  present 
  population 
  

  

  