﻿HYDROLOGY 
  OF 
  NEW 
  YORK 
  699 
  

  

  be 
  available, 
  equivalent 
  to 
  a 
  daily 
  yield 
  of 
  over 
  600,000 
  gallons 
  of 
  

   water 
  per 
  square 
  mile 
  of 
  land 
  surface, 
  or 
  254,000,000 
  gallons 
  per 
  

   day. 
  The 
  writer, 
  however, 
  considers 
  this 
  allowance 
  larger 
  than 
  

   is 
  likely 
  to 
  be 
  realized 
  in 
  the 
  region 
  — 
  probably 
  500,000 
  gallons 
  

   per 
  square 
  mile 
  per 
  day 
  would 
  be 
  a 
  safer 
  figure. 
  

  

  There 
  are 
  two 
  serious 
  objections 
  to 
  a 
  water 
  supply 
  reservoir 
  

   at 
  this 
  point. 
  The 
  first 
  is 
  the 
  shallowness 
  of 
  the 
  reservoir, 
  

   which 
  will 
  certainly 
  lead 
  to 
  extensive 
  growths 
  of 
  algae 
  around 
  

   the 
  edges, 
  and 
  the 
  second 
  is 
  the 
  objectionable 
  bottom. 
  The 
  

   second 
  objection 
  can 
  be 
  overcome 
  by 
  covering 
  the 
  bottom 
  with 
  

   gravel 
  which, 
  however, 
  would 
  add 
  very 
  greatly 
  to 
  the 
  expense. 
  1 
  

  

  The 
  submerged 
  land 
  is 
  sparsely 
  populated, 
  and 
  with 
  the 
  excep- 
  

   tion 
  of 
  Florida, 
  Hamburg 
  and 
  Deckertown, 
  there 
  are 
  no 
  villages 
  

   of 
  any 
  importance 
  near 
  the 
  valley. 
  The 
  sewage 
  of 
  Goshen 
  and 
  

   Middletown, 
  however, 
  enter 
  streams 
  flowing 
  into 
  the 
  Wallkill 
  

   above 
  the 
  point 
  where 
  the 
  dam 
  would 
  be 
  located 
  and 
  would 
  have 
  

   to 
  be 
  taken 
  below 
  the 
  dam 
  by 
  sewers. 
  The 
  sewage 
  of 
  Florida, 
  

   Hamburg 
  and 
  Deckertown 
  would 
  require 
  purification 
  before 
  dis- 
  

   charging 
  into 
  streams 
  tributary 
  to 
  the 
  reservoir. 
  A 
  few 
  other 
  

   small 
  hamlets 
  of 
  from 
  three 
  to 
  a 
  dozen 
  houses 
  could 
  be 
  taken 
  

   care 
  of 
  by 
  purchase. 
  

  

  It 
  is 
  proposed 
  to 
  filter 
  the 
  water 
  from 
  this 
  reservoir. 
  The 
  esti- 
  

   mates 
  provide 
  for 
  the 
  purchasing 
  of 
  70 
  square 
  miles 
  of 
  area, 
  which 
  

   includes 
  a 
  strip 
  around 
  the 
  edge 
  wide 
  enough 
  to 
  afford 
  protection 
  

   from 
  contamination. 
  About 
  20 
  per 
  cent 
  of 
  the 
  land 
  which 
  it 
  is 
  

   proposed 
  to 
  submerge 
  is 
  either 
  now 
  or 
  has 
  been 
  under 
  cultivation. 
  

   The 
  balance 
  is 
  covered 
  with 
  water 
  and 
  rank 
  growths 
  of 
  coarse 
  

   grass, 
  reeds 
  and 
  underbrush. 
  

  

  The 
  surrounding 
  hills 
  are 
  dotted 
  with 
  dairy 
  farms, 
  and 
  the 
  

   Lehigh 
  and 
  New 
  England 
  railway 
  and 
  the 
  Pine 
  Island 
  branch 
  of 
  

   the 
  Erie 
  railroad 
  collect 
  the 
  milk, 
  conveying 
  it 
  to 
  market. 
  These 
  

   railroads 
  would 
  be 
  relocated 
  along 
  the 
  edges 
  of 
  the 
  reservoir, 
  with 
  

   crossings, 
  embankments 
  and 
  bridges 
  as 
  required. 
  It 
  would 
  also 
  

   be 
  necessary 
  to 
  build 
  crossroads 
  over 
  the 
  lake, 
  with 
  bridges 
  and 
  

   roads 
  along 
  the 
  margins. 
  The 
  expense 
  has 
  been 
  included 
  in 
  the 
  

   estimates. 
  

  

  1 
  In 
  reference 
  to 
  gro'wths 
  of 
  algae, 
  see 
  paper 
  On 
  the 
  Fresh 
  Water 
  Algae 
  

   and 
  their 
  Relation 
  to 
  the 
  Purity 
  of 
  Public 
  Water 
  Supplies. 
  Trans. 
  Am. 
  

   Soc. 
  C. 
  E., 
  Vol. 
  XXI 
  (1889). 
  

  

  