﻿HYDROLOGY 
  OF 
  NEW 
  YORK 
  703 
  

  

  towards 
  the 
  north 
  after 
  leaving 
  the 
  mountains, 
  and 
  emptying 
  

   into 
  the 
  Mohawk 
  river 
  near 
  Amsterdam. 
  The 
  sources 
  of 
  Scho- 
  

   harie 
  creek 
  are 
  over 
  2000 
  feet 
  above 
  sea 
  level 
  and 
  not 
  more 
  

   than 
  ten 
  miles 
  from 
  the 
  Hudson 
  river. 
  

  

  The 
  waters 
  of 
  Catskill 
  and 
  Esopus 
  creeks 
  can 
  be 
  delivered 
  to 
  

   New 
  York 
  through 
  conduit 
  lines 
  from 
  the 
  reservoirs, 
  but 
  the 
  

   waters 
  of 
  Schoharie 
  creek 
  can 
  only 
  be 
  brought 
  to 
  the 
  city 
  by 
  the 
  

   construction 
  of 
  a 
  tunnel 
  from 
  the 
  lowest 
  reservoir 
  on 
  the 
  Scho- 
  

   harie 
  to 
  the 
  nearest 
  point 
  in 
  the 
  Esopus 
  valley. 
  

  

  Topographically, 
  Catskill 
  and 
  Esopus 
  creeks 
  are 
  similar 
  in 
  

   general 
  characteristics. 
  The 
  tributary 
  streams 
  have 
  steep 
  slopes, 
  

   offering 
  no 
  sites 
  for 
  storage 
  reservoirs. 
  The 
  main 
  streams, 
  on 
  

   the 
  contrary, 
  are 
  flatter 
  and 
  afford 
  opportunities 
  for 
  construct- 
  

   ing 
  dams. 
  

  

  The 
  conditions 
  on 
  Schoharie 
  creek 
  are 
  different. 
  At 
  its 
  head- 
  

   waters 
  there 
  are 
  three 
  tributaries, 
  Batavia 
  kill, 
  West 
  kill 
  and 
  

   East 
  kill, 
  on 
  all 
  of 
  which 
  considerable 
  storage 
  may 
  be 
  secured. 
  

   As 
  stated 
  in 
  the 
  discussion 
  on 
  the 
  flow 
  of 
  streams, 
  all 
  of 
  these 
  

   are 
  more 
  or 
  less 
  flashy, 
  rising 
  quickly 
  with 
  heavy 
  rains, 
  with 
  

   high 
  flood-flows, 
  and 
  subsiding 
  rapidly 
  after 
  rainfalls, 
  with 
  very 
  

   low 
  minimum 
  flows. 
  

  

  The 
  lowest 
  dam 
  site 
  on 
  Esopus 
  creek 
  is 
  a 
  short 
  distance 
  above 
  

   the 
  falls 
  at 
  the 
  village 
  of 
  Olive. 
  The 
  creek 
  here 
  flows 
  through 
  a 
  

   narrow 
  gorge, 
  affording 
  an 
  opportunity 
  for 
  the 
  construction: 
  of 
  

   a 
  masonry 
  dam, 
  60 
  feet 
  high 
  and 
  600 
  feet 
  long. 
  The 
  area 
  of 
  the 
  

   catchment 
  above 
  this 
  dam 
  is 
  245 
  square 
  miles. 
  The 
  proposed 
  

   reservoirs 
  on 
  Esopus 
  creek 
  have 
  an 
  available 
  storage 
  capacity 
  

   of 
  about 
  27,000,000,000 
  gallons 
  (3,600,000,000 
  cubic 
  feet), 
  and 
  

   are 
  estimated 
  to 
  yield 
  in 
  minimum: 
  years 
  about 
  150,000,000 
  gallons 
  

   daily. 
  This 
  corresponds 
  to 
  an 
  average 
  yield 
  of 
  625,000 
  gallons 
  

   of 
  water 
  per 
  square 
  mile 
  per 
  day. 
  The 
  writer, 
  however, 
  considers 
  

   the 
  same 
  as 
  in 
  the 
  case 
  of 
  the 
  Wallkill 
  river, 
  that 
  this 
  estimate 
  

   is 
  too 
  large, 
  and 
  on 
  Esopus 
  creek 
  it 
  certainly 
  should 
  not 
  be 
  

   taken 
  to 
  exceed 
  about 
  500,000 
  gallons 
  per 
  square 
  mile 
  per 
  day. 
  

  

  The 
  proposed 
  dams 
  on 
  Esopus 
  creek 
  are: 
  At 
  Olive; 
  Cold 
  Brook 
  

   station; 
  Lake 
  Hill; 
  one 
  mile 
  above 
  Mount 
  Fleasant 
  station; 
  one- 
  

   half 
  mile 
  above 
  Phoenicia; 
  one 
  and 
  one-half 
  miles 
  above 
  Phoe- 
  

   nicia; 
  one 
  mile 
  above 
  Shandaken; 
  and 
  one-half 
  mile 
  below 
  Big 
  

   Indian. 
  These 
  dams 
  would 
  all 
  be 
  of 
  earth, 
  with 
  spillways 
  cut 
  in 
  

   the 
  rock 
  sides 
  of 
  the 
  vallev. 
  

  

  