﻿HYDROLOGY 
  OP 
  NEW 
  YORK 
  745 
  

  

  appointment 
  of 
  a 
  commission 
  to 
  consider 
  the 
  whole 
  question. 
  

   The 
  report 
  of 
  this 
  commission, 
  which 
  is 
  known 
  as 
  the 
  New 
  York 
  

   Commerce 
  Commission, 
  was 
  transmitted 
  to 
  the 
  Legislature 
  Jan- 
  

   uary 
  25, 
  1900, 
  by 
  Governor 
  Roosevelt. 
  In 
  his 
  letter 
  accompany- 
  

   ing 
  the 
  report 
  he 
  states 
  that 
  the 
  thanks 
  of 
  the 
  State 
  are 
  due 
  to 
  

   the 
  commission 
  for 
  the 
  marked 
  ability 
  and 
  untiring 
  industry 
  

   shown 
  throughout 
  their 
  labors. 
  

  

  The 
  New 
  York 
  Commerce 
  Commission 
  was 
  appointed 
  to 
  con- 
  

   sider 
  the 
  whole 
  problem 
  of 
  New 
  York's 
  loss 
  of 
  commerce, 
  in- 
  

   quiring 
  into 
  the 
  causes 
  and 
  seeking 
  to 
  discover 
  remedies. 
  In 
  

   their 
  report 
  they 
  state 
  that 
  the 
  main 
  cause 
  of 
  the 
  damage 
  to 
  

   New 
  York's 
  commerce 
  is 
  the 
  way 
  in 
  which 
  the 
  railroads 
  of 
  New 
  

   York 
  discriminate 
  against 
  her 
  in 
  the 
  interests 
  of 
  competing 
  

   ports. 
  

  

  The 
  report 
  submitted 
  by 
  the 
  commission 
  shows 
  that 
  this 
  rail- 
  

   road 
  discrimination, 
  imposed 
  by 
  what 
  is 
  knoAvn 
  as 
  the 
  differential 
  

   agreement 
  between 
  the 
  trunk 
  line 
  railroads 
  to 
  the 
  Atlantic 
  

   seaports, 
  results 
  in 
  overcoming 
  the 
  advantage 
  which 
  New 
  York 
  

   would 
  have 
  under 
  natural 
  conditions 
  as 
  the 
  cheapest 
  route 
  to 
  

   foreign 
  markets 
  for 
  the 
  products 
  of 
  the 
  west. 
  It 
  is 
  claimed 
  

   that 
  this 
  differential 
  agreement 
  gives 
  preference 
  in 
  railroad 
  

   rates 
  not 
  only 
  to 
  the 
  cities 
  of 
  Philadelphia, 
  Baltimore, 
  Norfolk 
  

   and 
  Newport 
  News, 
  but 
  Montreal 
  and 
  the 
  Gulf 
  ports 
  are 
  bene- 
  

   fited 
  by 
  it 
  to 
  the 
  injury 
  of 
  New 
  York 
  to 
  as 
  full 
  an 
  extent 
  as 
  if 
  

   they 
  were 
  parties 
  to 
  the 
  agreement. 
  The 
  differential 
  agreement 
  

   also 
  provides 
  the 
  same 
  rate 
  for 
  Boston 
  as 
  for 
  New 
  York, 
  and 
  

   permits 
  the 
  Boston 
  roads 
  to 
  allow 
  free 
  insurance 
  and 
  free 
  stor- 
  

   age 
  to 
  such 
  an 
  extent 
  as 
  amounts 
  to 
  a 
  substantial 
  discrimination 
  

   against 
  New 
  York. 
  

  

  The 
  differential 
  agreement 
  was 
  signed 
  on 
  April 
  5, 
  1877, 
  by 
  

   William 
  H. 
  Vanderbilt, 
  H. 
  J. 
  Jewett, 
  Thomas 
  A. 
  Scott 
  and 
  John 
  

   W. 
  Garrett, 
  representing 
  the 
  New 
  York 
  Central, 
  the 
  Erie, 
  the 
  

   Pennsylvania 
  and 
  the 
  Baltimore 
  & 
  Ohio 
  railroad 
  companies. 
  

   It 
  established 
  a 
  system 
  of 
  freight 
  rates 
  governing 
  all 
  traffic, 
  

   both 
  eastbound 
  and 
  westbound, 
  bounded 
  on 
  the 
  south 
  by 
  the 
  

   Ohio 
  river, 
  on 
  the 
  west 
  by 
  the 
  Mississippi 
  river 
  and 
  on 
  the 
  east 
  

   by 
  an 
  imaginary 
  line, 
  drawn 
  through 
  Toronto, 
  Buffalo, 
  Pittsburg 
  

   and 
  Parkersburg. 
  Traffic 
  destined 
  to. 
  or 
  originating 
  in, 
  territory 
  

  

  