﻿HYDROLOGY 
  OF 
  NEW 
  YORK 
  779 
  

  

  view 
  of 
  the 
  fact 
  that 
  the 
  increase 
  of 
  detention 
  at 
  high 
  locks 
  only 
  

   increases 
  the 
  detention 
  for 
  additional 
  time 
  required 
  to 
  fill 
  the 
  lock 
  

   chamber, 
  it 
  was 
  concluded 
  that 
  the 
  advantages 
  to 
  be 
  derived 
  from 
  

   quick 
  time 
  and 
  from 
  developing 
  shipbuilding 
  industries 
  was 
  of 
  

   more 
  importance 
  than 
  a 
  small 
  decrease 
  in 
  traffic 
  capacity. 
  

  

  The 
  dimensions 
  of 
  lock 
  structures 
  which 
  will 
  best 
  subserve 
  the 
  

   foregoing 
  conditions 
  were 
  investigated 
  with 
  the 
  following 
  results 
  : 
  

  

  Single 
  locks 
  for 
  a 
  30-foot 
  waterway 
  are 
  to 
  be 
  740 
  feet 
  long 
  and 
  

   80 
  feet 
  wide 
  and 
  to 
  have 
  lifts 
  conforming 
  to 
  the 
  present 
  develop- 
  

   ment 
  of 
  waterpower 
  on 
  the 
  routes. 
  That 
  is, 
  the 
  hight 
  of 
  lift 
  

   will 
  be 
  whatever 
  the 
  present 
  power 
  dams 
  are. 
  

  

  For 
  a 
  21-foot 
  waterway 
  the 
  locks 
  are 
  to 
  be 
  600 
  feet 
  long, 
  60 
  feet 
  

   wide 
  and 
  with 
  the 
  same 
  hight 
  of 
  lift 
  as 
  in 
  the 
  foregoing. 
  At 
  

   Lewiston, 
  Long 
  Sault 
  rapids 
  on 
  the 
  St 
  Lawrence 
  river 
  and 
  at 
  

   Champlain, 
  the 
  natural 
  conditions 
  require 
  lifts 
  of 
  from 
  40 
  to 
  50 
  

   feet. 
  

  

  Dams 
  and 
  sluices. 
  Dams 
  on 
  the 
  Mohawk 
  and 
  Hudson 
  rivers 
  

   were 
  designed 
  with 
  as 
  great 
  a 
  length 
  as 
  the 
  natural 
  conditions 
  

   would 
  permit 
  in 
  order 
  to 
  keep 
  the 
  range 
  between 
  stages 
  of 
  high 
  

   and 
  low 
  water 
  as 
  little 
  as 
  possible. 
  This 
  range 
  can 
  be 
  further 
  

   reduced 
  by 
  making 
  the 
  crests 
  movable. 
  Sluice 
  gates 
  of 
  the 
  Stoney 
  

   type 
  are 
  provided 
  where 
  long 
  dams 
  are 
  not 
  desirable. 
  With 
  four 
  

   exceptions 
  the 
  dams 
  can 
  be 
  constructed 
  on 
  rock 
  foundations, 
  and 
  

   at 
  the 
  locations 
  where 
  rock 
  is 
  not 
  available 
  the 
  heads 
  on 
  the 
  dams 
  

   will 
  be 
  small. 
  

  

  Breakwaters. 
  At 
  Olcott 
  and 
  Oswego, 
  terminals 
  of 
  the 
  Niagara 
  

   ship 
  canal 
  and 
  of 
  the 
  Oswego-Mohawk 
  route, 
  artificial 
  harbors 
  

   protected 
  by 
  breakwaters 
  will 
  be 
  necessary. 
  A 
  study 
  was 
  made 
  

   of 
  the 
  type 
  best 
  adapted 
  to 
  the 
  conditions 
  at 
  these 
  harbors 
  and 
  

   the 
  results 
  are 
  given. 
  

  

  Cornell 
  experiments. 
  Uncertainty 
  as 
  to 
  the 
  value 
  of 
  the 
  coeffi- 
  

   cients 
  in 
  the 
  ordinary 
  weir 
  formula 
  rendered 
  it 
  desirable 
  that 
  

   additional 
  investigations 
  should 
  be 
  made 
  before 
  estimates 
  could 
  

   be 
  made 
  either 
  of 
  the 
  value 
  of 
  waterpower 
  rights 
  or 
  of 
  the 
  

   amount 
  of 
  slope 
  wall 
  and 
  bank 
  protection 
  to 
  be 
  used 
  between 
  the 
  

   limits 
  of 
  high 
  water 
  and 
  low 
  water 
  stages 
  of 
  the 
  proposed 
  water- 
  

   way. 
  Previous 
  to 
  the 
  Cornell 
  investigations 
  there 
  was 
  very 
  

   little 
  certain 
  information 
  as 
  to 
  the 
  flow 
  over 
  weirs 
  when 
  the 
  depth 
  

  

  