﻿HYDROLOGY 
  OF 
  NEW 
  YORK 
  803 
  

  

  From 
  the 
  mouth 
  of 
  the 
  Mohawk, 
  at 
  Troy, 
  to 
  the 
  deep 
  water 
  of 
  the 
  

   Hudson 
  river, 
  below 
  Coxsackie, 
  the 
  latter 
  river 
  must 
  be 
  improved 
  

   by 
  narrowing 
  and 
  deepening 
  its 
  channel, 
  or 
  a 
  canal 
  must 
  be 
  con- 
  

   structed 
  along 
  its 
  shore. 
  The 
  former 
  method 
  of 
  construction 
  

   affords 
  the 
  simplest 
  and 
  most 
  useful 
  means 
  of 
  securing 
  the 
  de- 
  

   sired 
  result. 
  

  

  The 
  plan 
  may 
  therefore 
  be 
  summarized 
  as 
  the 
  widening, 
  

   deepening 
  and 
  necessary 
  rectification 
  of 
  the 
  worst 
  curvatures 
  of 
  

   the 
  present 
  canal, 
  from 
  Buffalo 
  to 
  Newark 
  (about 
  130 
  miles); 
  

   the 
  construction 
  of 
  a 
  new 
  canal 
  from 
  Newark 
  to 
  Utica 
  (about 
  

   115 
  miles); 
  the 
  canalization 
  of 
  the 
  Mohawk 
  river 
  from 
  Utica 
  to 
  

   Troy 
  (about 
  100 
  miles), 
  and 
  the 
  improvement 
  of 
  the 
  Hudson 
  

   river 
  from 
  Troy 
  to 
  Four 
  Mile 
  Point, 
  in 
  Coxsackie 
  (a 
  distance 
  of 
  

   about 
  30 
  miles). 
  

  

  The 
  elevation 
  of 
  the 
  western 
  level 
  of 
  the 
  canal 
  being 
  governed 
  

   by 
  the 
  surface 
  of 
  Lake 
  Erie, 
  it 
  must 
  secure 
  the 
  required 
  depth 
  

   wholly 
  by 
  deepening, 
  while 
  the 
  profiles 
  of 
  the 
  levels 
  from 
  Lock- 
  

   port 
  east 
  can 
  be 
  adjusted 
  to 
  meet 
  the 
  economical 
  requirements 
  

   that 
  will 
  be 
  disclosed 
  by 
  detailed 
  surveys. 
  

  

  The 
  first 
  level 
  from 
  Buffalo 
  to 
  Lockport 
  will 
  be 
  32 
  miles 
  long. 
  

   Descending 
  from 
  this 
  level 
  at 
  Lockport, 
  by 
  two 
  locks, 
  each 
  of 
  

   about 
  25 
  feet 
  lift, 
  the 
  second 
  level 
  of 
  the 
  canal 
  will 
  be 
  reached. 
  

   This 
  level, 
  64 
  miles 
  in 
  length, 
  will 
  extend 
  to 
  Brighton,, 
  where, 
  

   descending 
  by 
  two 
  locks 
  of 
  about 
  24 
  feet 
  lift, 
  we 
  reach 
  the 
  third 
  

   level 
  of 
  the 
  canal, 
  extending 
  from 
  Brighton 
  to 
  Macedon, 
  20 
  miles, 
  

   there 
  descending 
  by 
  a 
  lock 
  of 
  about 
  20 
  feet 
  lift 
  we 
  reach 
  the 
  

   fourth 
  level, 
  extending 
  from 
  Macedon 
  to 
  Newark, 
  12 
  miles; 
  

   where, 
  by 
  a 
  lock 
  of 
  about 
  20 
  feet 
  lift, 
  is 
  reached 
  the 
  level 
  of 
  the 
  

   proposed 
  new 
  canal, 
  to 
  extend 
  from 
  Newark 
  to 
  Utica, 
  about 
  115 
  

   miles, 
  which 
  will 
  be 
  the 
  fifth 
  and 
  longest 
  level 
  of 
  the 
  new 
  canal. 
  

   From 
  that 
  point 
  the 
  Mohawk 
  river 
  (except 
  at 
  Little 
  Falls 
  and 
  

   Oohoes, 
  where 
  combined 
  locks 
  will 
  be 
  required) 
  can 
  best 
  be 
  

   canalized 
  through 
  locks 
  of 
  10 
  or 
  12 
  feet 
  lift, 
  making 
  pools 
  hav- 
  

   ing 
  an 
  average 
  length 
  of 
  about 
  5 
  miles 
  each. 
  

  

  The 
  change 
  in 
  profile 
  between 
  Newark 
  and 
  the 
  west 
  end 
  of 
  the 
  

   Rome 
  level, 
  in 
  the 
  eastern 
  suburbs 
  of 
  Syracuse, 
  was 
  considered 
  

   a 
  very 
  important 
  one 
  by 
  the 
  Canal 
  Committee, 
  and 
  they 
  accord- 
  

  

  