﻿HYDROLOGY 
  OF 
  NEW 
  YORK 
  865 
  

  

  to 
  $4 
  per 
  acre. 
  If 
  such 
  lands 
  were 
  effectually 
  drained, 
  so 
  that 
  

   they 
  could 
  be 
  cultivated 
  every 
  year, 
  they 
  would 
  be 
  the 
  most 
  val- 
  

   uable 
  in 
  the 
  State, 
  and 
  worth 
  at 
  least 
  $60 
  per 
  acre. 
  But 
  in 
  order 
  

   to 
  make 
  them 
  of 
  this 
  value, 
  even 
  after 
  the 
  drainage 
  is 
  accom- 
  

   plished, 
  they 
  must 
  be 
  cleared 
  and 
  put 
  in 
  shape 
  for 
  cultivation, 
  

   which 
  will 
  require 
  a 
  large 
  amount 
  of 
  labor 
  in 
  addition 
  to 
  the 
  

   drainage. 
  Assuming 
  them 
  to 
  cost, 
  with 
  some 
  of 
  the 
  adjacent 
  low 
  

   flatlands, 
  an 
  average 
  of 
  $5 
  per 
  acre, 
  the 
  net 
  gain 
  would 
  be 
  $55 
  per 
  

   acre, 
  amounting 
  for 
  380 
  square 
  miles 
  to 
  $13,370,500. 
  It 
  is 
  difficult 
  

   to 
  say 
  what 
  the 
  cost 
  of 
  the 
  drainage 
  would 
  be, 
  although 
  it 
  is 
  

   doubtful 
  if 
  it 
  would 
  cost, 
  including 
  fitting 
  them 
  for 
  cultivation, 
  

   more 
  than 
  $30 
  per 
  acre, 
  or 
  for 
  the 
  entire 
  area, 
  the 
  total 
  cost 
  may 
  

   possibly 
  be 
  $7,293,000, 
  leaving 
  a 
  net 
  profit 
  on 
  the 
  transaction 
  of 
  

   $6,077,500. 
  This 
  expense 
  should 
  be 
  borne 
  partly 
  by 
  the 
  land 
  

   owners 
  and 
  partly 
  by 
  the 
  State, 
  the 
  proportion 
  to 
  be 
  fixed 
  on 
  

   further 
  consideration. 
  There 
  is 
  no 
  good 
  reason 
  why 
  the 
  State 
  

   should 
  not 
  inaugurate 
  an 
  improvement 
  like 
  this. 
  

  

  THE 
  PAPER 
  INDUSTRY 
  IN 
  NEAV 
  YORK 
  

  

  In 
  view 
  of 
  the 
  fact 
  that 
  the 
  paper 
  industry 
  in 
  this 
  State 
  is 
  

   almost 
  entirely 
  dependent 
  upon 
  waterpower 
  for 
  its 
  profitable 
  

   operation, 
  the 
  following 
  chapter 
  is 
  included. 
  

  

  According 
  to 
  the 
  Twelfth 
  Census 
  (1900) 
  out 
  of 
  a 
  total 
  capital 
  

   invested 
  in 
  the 
  paper 
  industry 
  in 
  the 
  United 
  States 
  of 
  $167,507,- 
  

   713, 
  there 
  was 
  invested 
  in 
  the 
  State 
  of 
  New 
  York 
  $37,349,390, 
  or 
  

   about 
  22| 
  per 
  cent 
  of 
  the 
  total 
  capital 
  invested 
  in 
  the 
  whole 
  

   country. 
  

  

  The 
  total 
  cost 
  of 
  materials 
  used 
  in 
  this 
  industry 
  in 
  New 
  York 
  

   in 
  1900 
  was 
  $14,563,222, 
  of 
  which 
  there 
  were 
  225,327 
  cords 
  of 
  

   domestic 
  spruce 
  used 
  for 
  ground 
  pulp, 
  which 
  cost 
  $1,260,593, 
  or 
  

   at 
  the 
  average 
  rate 
  of 
  $5.60 
  per 
  cord. 
  Domestic 
  spruce 
  for 
  sul- 
  

   phite 
  and 
  soda 
  fiber 
  was 
  used 
  to' 
  the 
  extent 
  of 
  138,098 
  cords, 
  

   costing 
  $724,822. 
  Canadian 
  spruce 
  was 
  used 
  for 
  ground 
  pulp 
  to 
  

   the 
  extent 
  of 
  54,923 
  cords, 
  while 
  for 
  sulphite 
  and 
  soda 
  fiber 
  

   there 
  were 
  86,606 
  cords 
  of 
  Canadian 
  spruce 
  used. 
  

  

  In 
  addition 
  to 
  the 
  preceding, 
  51,208 
  cords 
  of 
  Canadian 
  poplar 
  

   wood 
  and 
  other 
  woods 
  were 
  used. 
  The 
  total 
  use 
  of 
  wood, 
  there- 
  

   fore, 
  was 
  556,162 
  cords. 
  

  

  