﻿HYDROLOGY 
  OF 
  NEW 
  YORK 
  867 
  

  

  make 
  fine 
  paper. 
  The 
  use 
  of 
  rags, 
  including 
  cotton, 
  flax, 
  waste 
  

   and 
  sweepings 
  in 
  that 
  State 
  amounts 
  to 
  86,715 
  tons, 
  while 
  in 
  

   New 
  York 
  there 
  are 
  only 
  17,899 
  tons 
  used. 
  Book 
  papers 
  are 
  

   made 
  in 
  Massachusetts 
  to 
  the 
  value 
  of 
  $3,120,867 
  as 
  against 
  

   $1,706,565 
  in 
  New 
  York. 
  Lithographic 
  papers, 
  cardboard, 
  bris- 
  

   tolboard, 
  etc. 
  amounts 
  in 
  Massachusetts 
  to 
  $2,013,920 
  as 
  against 
  

   $200,315 
  in 
  New 
  York. 
  There 
  is 
  an 
  annual 
  product 
  in 
  Massachu- 
  

   setts 
  of 
  fine 
  writing 
  paper 
  of 
  $8,751,566 
  as 
  against 
  $70,115 
  in 
  New 
  

   York, 
  while 
  other 
  fine 
  papers 
  are 
  valued 
  in 
  Massachusetts 
  at 
  

   $2,547,072 
  as 
  against 
  $66,844 
  in 
  New 
  York. 
  

  

  If 
  Massachusetts 
  had 
  the 
  same 
  area 
  as 
  New 
  York, 
  with 
  the 
  

   paper 
  industry 
  proportionately 
  developed 
  over 
  the 
  whole 
  State, 
  

   the 
  total 
  capital 
  invested 
  in 
  Massachusetts 
  would 
  amount 
  to, 
  

   roundly, 
  $160,000,000. 
  Since 
  paper 
  making 
  is 
  the 
  one 
  great 
  in- 
  

   dustry 
  depending 
  upon 
  waterpower, 
  the 
  reason 
  for 
  this 
  may 
  be 
  

   asrain 
  placed 
  very 
  largely 
  in 
  rational 
  State 
  laws 
  and 
  thorough 
  

   development 
  of 
  waterpower. 
  

  

  In 
  order 
  to 
  illustrate 
  the 
  foregoing 
  proposition, 
  it 
  may 
  be 
  

   mentioned 
  that 
  the 
  total 
  power 
  derived 
  from 
  steam, 
  water 
  and 
  

   other 
  kinds 
  of 
  power 
  used 
  in 
  paper 
  making 
  in 
  New 
  York 
  in 
  1900 
  

   was 
  228,478 
  horsepower, 
  while 
  in 
  Massachusetts 
  it 
  was 
  82,893 
  

   horsepower. 
  Of 
  this 
  191,117 
  horsepower 
  was 
  from 
  water 
  in 
  New 
  

   York 
  and 
  44,935 
  was 
  from 
  water 
  in 
  Massachusetts, 
  leaving 
  

   37.361 
  horsepower 
  derived 
  from 
  steam 
  and 
  other 
  motive 
  power 
  

   in 
  New 
  York 
  and 
  37,958 
  horsepower 
  derived 
  from 
  the 
  same 
  

   sources 
  in 
  Massachusetts. 
  

  

  The 
  yearly 
  capacity 
  in 
  tons 
  of 
  paper 
  in 
  New 
  York 
  is 
  given 
  at 
  

   611.179 
  and 
  of 
  pulr> 
  495.668. 
  1 
  In 
  Massachusetts 
  the 
  yearly 
  capacity 
  

   of 
  the 
  mills 
  is 
  283,576 
  tons 
  of 
  paper, 
  and 
  of 
  pulp 
  31,920 
  tons. 
  

   These 
  figures 
  show 
  the 
  great 
  difference 
  in 
  the 
  quality 
  of 
  the 
  

   business 
  in 
  the 
  two 
  States. 
  In 
  New 
  York 
  a 
  large 
  amount 
  of 
  pulp 
  

   is 
  ground, 
  whereas 
  in 
  Massachusetts 
  there 
  is 
  only 
  about 
  one- 
  

   sixteenth 
  as 
  much. 
  The 
  mills 
  there 
  are 
  producing 
  high-grade 
  

   papers, 
  for 
  which 
  steam 
  power 
  is 
  less 
  objectionable 
  than 
  for 
  a 
  

   lower 
  grade. 
  It 
  is 
  common 
  to 
  run 
  the 
  paper 
  machines 
  proper 
  

   by 
  steam, 
  as 
  steam 
  power 
  is 
  preferable 
  for 
  this 
  purpose, 
  because 
  

   of 
  yielding 
  more 
  uniform 
  power, 
  but 
  for 
  making 
  ground 
  pulp 
  

  

  1 
  These 
  figures 
  are 
  as 
  given 
  in 
  the 
  Census 
  Report, 
  Vol. 
  IX, 
  p. 
  1035. 
  

  

  