34 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



injurious last season. This is true of the check trees as well as < 

 those which were sprayed. The check trees of last year product 

 as much sound fruit as some of the sprayed trees in 1910, thoug 

 this is true only where very exceptional conditions prevailed. Tl! 

 percentage of wormy fruit was very much less than the prese'l 

 year, while the percentage of side and end and side wormy w; 

 even smaller, ranging in plots i to 6 in 1909 from less than i to i 

 per cent. A similar condition obtained on the check trees, whic 

 produced 17.62 per cent of side or end and side wormy. 



Conclusions. The data secured shows that it is possib 

 with but one spraying to obtain over 90 per cent of sound fruit in 

 year when the codling moth is very abundant, even on trees yieh 

 ing only 300 to 500 apples. A larger crop, as pointed out on pr^ 

 ceding pages and in our discussion of the effects of maximum ar 

 minimum crops on the percentage of wormy fruit in 1909, wou 

 undoubtedly result in the production of a still greater proportic 

 of sound fruit. 



Second, we believe that the possibilities of one thorough time 

 spraying have habitually been underrated. The second applicatic 

 within a week or ten days after the blossoms drop, is practical 

 a confession that the first spraying was not thorough. It is tri 

 that ideal conditions are rarely present and it not infrequent 

 happens that spraying must be done even when working at a di 

 advantage. There are, therefore, times when a second sprayir 

 justifies itself, particularly if this is made about three weeks aft( 

 the blossoms fall and at a time when the young apple worms ai 

 beginning to feed upon the foliage and search for a favorable poii 

 of entry upon the fruit. 



Third, a later application would pay for itself under such coi 

 ditions as obtained the past season, though the percentage of sour 

 fruit might not be greatly augmented. Here we have an excellei 

 opportunity for exercise of judgment. A large crop with indie; 

 tions showing only a moderate abundance of the codling mol 

 should mean that in the great majority of cases one spraying w^ou 

 afford adequate protection. On the other hand, a small crop, e: 

 pecially if likely to be accompanied by high prices, would at lea 

 justify a second application. 



Fourth, adverse conditions, such as crowded trees, steep slope 

 inferior spraying outfits, etc., make thorough work difficult, ar 

 have an appreciable influence in increasing the percentage of worn 

 fruit, since thoroughness as well as timeliness is an importai 

 factor in controlling the pest. 



