REPORT OF THE STATE EiNTOMOLOGIST I9IO 39 



almost immediately to lay eggs which accumulate in large piles 

 beneath the wings. Individuals of this generation may produce 

 about 150 eggs. Occasionally a few specimens feed and oviposit 

 upon the blue or silver spruce, though this is unusual. The aphids 

 hatching from these eggs remain upon the red spruce throughout 

 the winter and are probably the chief, though perhaps not the only, 

 source of the variety c o w e n i Gill. It is also considered prob- 

 able that the stem mothers for the two summer broods of C. 

 c o o 1 e y i Gill, come in a similar manner from the winged females 

 of variety coweni Gill, of the red fir. (Abstract with additions 

 from Gillette) 



Remedial measures. It is probable that, as in the case of 

 the spruce gall aphid, Chermes abietis Linn., thorough 

 spraying of the infested trees in April with a whale oil soap solu- 

 tion, I pound to 2 gallons of water, would prove very effectual in 

 checking this insect. The galls may also be cut off and burned in 

 June, thus destroying the aphids before they have an opportunity 

 to escape. 



Bibliography 



1907 Gillette, C. P. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil. Proc. 59:3-10. 



1908 Econ. Ent. Journ. 1 1306. 



1909 Econ. Ent. Journ. 2:352. 



1909 Patch, E. M. Me. Agric. Exp't Sta. Bui. 173, p. 294. 



ASH PSYLLA 



Psyllopsis fraxinicola Forst. 



A number of srall, yellowish or green, black-marked Psyllids, 

 accompanied by badly curled ash leaves (pi. 15), were received 

 from Rochester June 18, 1909. The insects were evidently very 

 abundant and causing serious injury. The affected foliage was not 

 only badly curled, but streaked here and there with purplish veins. 

 The only other record of this European species in America appears 

 to be that by Dr John B. Smith in his list of insects issued in 1899. 

 He states that this Psyllid was imported from Europe and is quite 

 injurious to ash trees. Dr L. O. Howard, through whose courtesy 

 this species was determined, states that this form was found many 

 3^ears ago on the grounds of the Department of Agriculture, Wash- 

 ington, D. C. This species is reported as occurring all over Europe 

 and, contrary to what we find in this country, the foliage is not 

 deformed. It is about the same size as the widely distributed and 

 much better known pear Psylla, P s y 1 1 a p y r i c o 1 a Forst, 

 though easily distinguished therefrom by the white, tufted young, 

 the lighter color and its occurrence upon ash. 



