A COLLECTION OF FISHES FROM SUMATRA. oOo 



steep, blunt, rather broad, and short. Eye large, anterior, its upper margin im- 

 pinging on upper profile. Mouth low, slightly inclined, and gape reaching opposite 

 front rim of orbit. Jaws protruding, upper little beyond lower and tip of snout, 

 which is concave. Maxillary broad distally till equal to two and a quarter in eye 

 and reaching for three-fifths its diameter. Lips thick and flesh}-, especially along 

 sides. Teeth fine, minute, and in broad bands in jaws. Minute teeth in patches 

 on palatines and vomer. Tongue long, pointed and free in front. Nostril a large 

 vertical slit, close to and in front of lower rim of orbit. Interorbital space broad, 

 concave, and with two broad low median longitudinal ridges. Bones of head all 

 more or less striate, and with serrated edges. A strong spine directed outward on 

 each side of snout, and another below each nostril. Margin of infraorbital strongly- 

 dentate. Three broad infraocular spines running forward till just behind nostril. 

 Opercle with two flat spines, upper longer. Preopercle with a long dagger-like 

 spine reaching opposite base of first developed pectoral ray. Serrations along 

 margin of preopercle a little larger below. No nasal spines. 



Gill-opening extending forward till opposite middle of eye. Gill-rakers 6 + 10, 

 counting rudiments, short, compressed, and sometimes clavate. Pseudobranchio? 

 large, and about equal to pupil. Gill-filaments shorter, though only a little longer 

 than rakers. 



Scales large, finely ctenoid, and rather narrowly imbricated. Scales along 

 bases of dorsals and anal spinescent, those of latter fin elongate and pointed. 

 Greater portion of caudal covered with small scales, margins naked. Base of pec- 

 toral with small scales. No pectoral flap, and ventral with a shai'p pointed scale at 

 its base. Lateral line concurrent with base of dorsal and running down along 

 upper side of caudal peduncle to middle of base of caudal. Opercle with a single 

 row of large scales, and five rows on cheek, head otherwise naked. 



Origin of spinous dorsal a trifle in front of that of pectoral, spines alternately 

 enlarged, forming a double row, and depressable in a groove. Fourth longest, and 

 others graduated posteriorly to last, which is shortest. Membranes of spines 

 deeply incised along their margins. First few anterior dorsal rajs longest, and 

 margin of fin slightly convex at this point. Origin of soft dorsal about opposite 

 that of spinous anal. Third anal spine large, broad, reaching near tip of first anal 

 rays. Fourth anal spine shorter and slender. Origin of soft anal falling about 

 under middle of soft dorsal's base, and its margin slightly convex. Caudal small, 

 forked, and lobes with rather broad points. Pectoral elongate and pointed. Ven- 

 tral inserted a little behind pectoral and reaching about three-fifths of distance to 

 caudal. Ventral spine elongate, slender, and straight. 



Color in arrack pale golden, with about nine rather narrow deep rosy longi- 

 tudinal bands along sides. Fins more or less pale or whitish, washed or tinted 

 with pale orange. Ventrals pale rosy-white. Each scale on cheek with a deep 

 rosy blotch. Abdomen whitish. Most of scales on back minutely punctuated 

 with brown, and below soft dorsal a large duskj^-brown blotch. A pale brown 

 blotch at base of upper caudal rays and traces of another at bases of posterior anal 



64 JOURN. .•VCAD. NAT. SCI. PHILA., VOL. XII. 



