SECONDARY AND TERTIARY FORMATIONS OF NORTH AMERICA. 1J5 



this name. Figures a and b present characters which we have never been able to 

 detect in E. digitata, notwithstanding the particularly favorable circumstances under 

 which we have studied the species. The cells have a very distinct lateral arrange- 

 ment, and the very large openings do not belong to the present species. We strongly 

 suspect that it will prove to belong to one of the species of Biflustra, described below, 

 and which has little in common with E. digitata, except that it grows in flattened 

 branches. The very imperfect representation given at fig. / we believe must belong 

 to our Escharifora typica of the same beds. This species has a mode of growth some- 

 what similar to the one under consideration, but the special pores which Mr. Lons- 

 dale called abraded vesicles are always present in a definite number and with a fixed 

 arrangement. It is surprising that such an acute observer as Mr. Lonsdale should 

 have been betrayed into such an error. 



The only variations we have observed in age are, that the dividing lines between 

 the cellules are more distinct in young specimens, and as they become very old they 

 become fainter, until, as is rarely the case, they are partially or wholly obliterated. 

 We have never seen more than one row of cellules open at the top at once. 



This species is most nearly related to E. dichotoma, Goldf., as remarked by Dr. 

 Morton. It differs in the cellules being proportionally longer, with the opening- 

 smaller and much more elongated longitudinally, so as to be sometimes almost sub- 

 quadrate. The broad grooves between the cells in Goldfuss' species are represented 

 in Morton's by a fine impressed line. There are from seven to nine rows of cellules 

 in an ordinary branch on each side. 



Locality and position. — Yellow limestone of Timber Creek, and near Mullica Hill. 



E. tubulata, Lonsd., Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. v. 1, p. 528, figs, a, b. 

 E. tubulata, d'Orb., Prod. Pal. Strat. vol. 2, p. 397, No. 1175. 



" Eoliaceous ; cells elongated, rows defined by a slight furrow, no marked separation between successive 

 cells, surface slightly convex ; mouth small, transversely oval, margin thickened; interior of cells, sides 

 nearly straight ; dorsal separation of opposite layers imperfect." 



" The above characters were obtained from a specimen an inch in length and nine lines in width, but 

 which give only more aged conditions of the coral. The cells, in their narrow lengthened form, resembled 

 the tubuli of DiaUopora ; but the mouths were strictly in the plane of the outer surface, and there was not 

 the slightest tendency to a free portion at the distal termination, or to an underlying at the proximal ; the 

 whole outer surface being at one level, and the back of the interior parallel to it. No clear indications of 

 vesicles were noticed. In the most aged cells, occupying the lower portion of the specimen, the exterior 

 was lozenge-shaped, or had an increased breadth, the longitudinal furrows were almost obliterated by the 

 thickening of the surface, and the mouths were generally very much contracted and in some cases filled up. 

 Every attempt to separate the dorsal surfaces in this and the two following species, (E. petiolus and E. incum- 

 bent), failed." 



" Locality, Wilmington," [N. Carolina, Eocene White Limestone] 



The above is Lonsdale's description in full. We have never encountered this 

 species, nor his E. peliolus, E. incumbent, nor E. vvminea of the same formation. 



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