140 MONOGRAPH OF THE FOSSIL POLYZOA OF THE 



Tarn. ESCHARINELLIDJE, d'Orb. 1851. 

 Sub-fam. E S C II A R I N E L L I N M. 

 ESCHARINELLA, d'Orb. 1S50. 



Colony entire, testaceous, fixed by the base, from which rise branches or compressed 

 plates with cellules on both sides, placed back to back and arranged in quincunx or 

 longitudinal lines. Opening placed in advance, moderate in size and not operculate. 

 A special pore placed invariably in advance. 



With all the other characters of Eschara, it differs by the presence of as pecial pore 

 in advance of the opening; in Porina, the pore is behind, and in Escharinella there 

 are two. 



E. muralis, n. s.j fig. 23. — Colony composed of flattened, rather narrow branches, 

 with from four to eight rows of cellules on each side. Cellules quadrangular, some- 

 times with the ends truncated, so as to be hexagonal. Surface convex smooth, more 

 depressed at the proximal than at the distal extremity. Mouth terminal, sometimes 

 round anteriorly with the posterior margin straight, sometimes subquadrate ; often 

 with a tooth at the middle proximal margin. Cellules, when perfect, and not in the 

 more advanced stages, separated by a distinct wall which expands anteriorly and en- 

 circles the special pore, which is small round and placed close to the mouth. 



From the Cretaceous from near Mullica Hill, N. J. 



The figure represents the cellules unusually narrow, and the wall should be more 



ragged. 



When the surface is worn, or in old specimens, this wall disappears, and with it the 

 convexity of the cellule, in which case it resembles the worn specimens of Esdiarifura 

 iypica, the mouths of the cellules being both of the same general shape, and the 

 present species presenting pits or depressions over the surface. The more perfect 

 specimens of each are, however, very distinctly characterized. 



? E. linea, G. and H. 



Eschara id. Lonsd. Quart. Jour. Geol. Soc, vol, 1, p. 530, fig. 



" Foliaceous; cells oval or oblong, sometimes bordered in completely by a slightly raised line; surface 

 nearly flat, very porous ; mouth transversely semioval, margin thickened, notched or plain on the prox- 

 imal edge; occasionally a foramen on one side of the mouth penetrating obliquely towards a correspond- 

 ing chamber at the distal angle of the interior of the cell ; doisil separation perfect, surface ridged or 

 flat." 



" The above characters were only obtained from older conditions of the coral. The raised lines were, in 

 portions of the specimens, prominently developed, but in others were entirely wanting. In some cells con- 

 nected with the general surface, as to indicate that they belonged to the species, the covering was much less 

 porous, and in a few instances smooth or solid, while the mouth, and adjacent vesicles, occasionally two in 

 number, were much more prominent. These variations had been apparently produced by curvatures in the 



