BATTLEDORE SCALES OF ITiCMVlIUM. 131 



Hewitson^ in their ' Genera of Diurnal Lepidoptera/ the 

 text-book of general diurnal lepidopterists. The under- 

 sides of the insects of this genus are unlike those of Lycana, 

 but have a family resemblance of their own. In constitu- 

 ting this a genus, our authors say of it, " With general 

 characters of Lyccsna, it appears very (perhaps too) close 

 to Lycasna." This is said without reference having been 

 made to other than the usual tests. The scales have cer- 

 tainly a peculiarity of their own. 



The remarkable figures 38 to 41 on Plate II. cannot fail 

 to attract attention ; and at first sight it would be thought 

 that they can have no relation to the others, and that 

 the insects could have no natural afiinity; but similar 

 difierences (inconsistencies, if you wiU) exist in the Pie- 

 ridse, and it does not appear that insects nearly allied 

 in other respects are always fiirnished with similar plu- 

 mules. It is, however, possible that similarity in this 

 respect may hereafter influence entomologists in their 

 arrangements. 



The scales represented by figures i to 37 and 42 to 53 

 on Plates I., II., and III. are from insects inhabiting vari- 

 ous localities all over the world, each with certain geo- 

 graphical limits. Most Butterflies have a rather narrow 

 range of habitat, as is the case with other animals ; and 

 some are confined to very strait localities. For example, 

 Morpho Ganymede is known only as inhabiting a certain 

 district of Bogota, the family Acrsea is found almost only 

 in Africa, Ageronia only in Brazil ; but Pyrameis cardui 

 ranges over the whole world, and Vanissa Antiopa is ex- 

 cluded only from Africa. Now Lycana b<stica, figs. 38, 39, 

 and 40 on Plate II., is also a cosmopolite, inhabiting all the 

 localities of those represented in Plates I., II., and III- 

 In the ' Diurnal Genera,' before referred to, its habitat is 

 given as " Southern Europe, Java, South Africa, Mauritius, 

 Madagascar, Africa, India.'' It has also been found in 



k2 



