54 MAGNOLIACEjE. 



\\ hile tlie Winterese, long since separated by Brown, are now generally 

 reunited to Magnoliaceee, the Schizandreae of Blume have been admitted al- 

 most without question as a distinct order, and have even been arranged by 

 Lindley in a different alliance. Yet the latter are at least as nearly related 

 to i lir Winterese as these are to the true Magnolia Family ; and the only 

 absolute character which distinguishes them (namely, the capitate or spiked, 

 instead of simply verticillate or single, carpels) is one in which they accord 

 with Magnoliaceae proper. The stamens are not always monadelphous in 

 Sehizandrea;, nor are the flowers always diclinous, if Hortonia belongs to the 

 group ; while, on the other hand, one of the four Winteraceous genera is 

 polygamous. It appears evident, therefore, either that the Wintereee of 

 Brown should be extended so as to embrace the Scliizandreae, and be ordi- 

 nally distinguished by the total absence of stipules, or else that the whole 

 should be united in one family. Remembering that a few Dilleniacea? have 

 stipules like those of Magnolia, while the rest are exstipulate, and convinced 

 that the sensible properties as well as the floral characters of the plants 

 in question invite the union, I propose to adopt the latter alternative, and to 

 arrange under the order Magnoliaceae these three suborders, as follows. 



Subord. I. WINTERED. (Ord. Wintered, R. Br. 1818.) 



Flowers perfect, or sometimes polygamo-dicecious. Pistils simply verti- 

 cillate, or reduced to one. Stamens distinct. — Stipules none. Leaves fre- 

 quently verticillate-crowded or opposite, sempervirent, rarely serrate. Bark, 

 seeds, &c., pungent-aromatic. (Ulicieae, DC. Prodr. 1825.) 



Illicium. (Plate 21.) Follicles numerous, stellate, 1-seeded. 



Subord. II. SCHIZANDRE^. (Ord. ScmzxNimvx, Blume.) 



Flowers monoecious or dioecious. Pistils imbricated-spicate or capitate. 

 Stamens in a cluster, monadelphous or distinct (in Schizandra definite). — 

 Stipules none. Leaves entire or toothed. Stems often sarmentose. Muci- 

 laginous, the seeds aromatic. — Spharostemma, Kadsura, and 



Schizandra. (Plate 22.) Stamens 5, monadelphous in a 5-lobed disk. 



Subord. III. MAGNOLIE.E, DC, Endl. 



Flowers perfect, large. Pistils imbricated-spicate on an elongated gyno- 

 phore. Stamens distinct. Seeds in the dehiscent species baccate, and at 

 length hanging by an extensile cord of spiral vessels. Stipules conspicu- 

 ous, forming the teguments of the bud, successively involving the condupli- 

 cate leaves in vernation, deciduous after their expansion, leaving annular- 

 scars on the terete branches. Bitter-aromatic. 



Magnolia. (Plates 22, 23.) Carpels coriaceous-baccate, adherent to the 

 receptacle, dehiscent by the dorsal suture. Anthers introrse. 



Liriodendron. (Plate 24.) Carpels samaraeform, indehiscent, decidu- 

 ous from the receptacle at maturity. Anthers extrorse. 



