MAGNOLIACE.E 61 



Geographical Distribution. Natives of Eastern North America, and 

 of Eastern Asia, namely of Japan, China, and Nepaul. The seven species 

 of the United States are confined to the vicinity of the Alleghany Mountains, 

 and to the country eastward and southward of them, crossing the Mississippi 

 only near the seaboard. The small Magnolia (M. glauca) occurs along the 

 Atlantic border plentifully as far north as New Jersey, and is also found on 

 Cape Ann, Massachusetts, lat. 424°; while the Cucumber Tree (M. acumi- 

 nata), an inland species, reaches the southern shore of Lake Ontario, which 

 is the northern limit of the genus (a little above lat. 43°). The splendid 

 and fragrant M. grandiflora, belongs exclusively to the low country of 

 the Southern States. The Umbrella Tree (M. Umbrella), which extends 

 northward to Pennsylvania, and the allied M. Fraseri, chiefly belong to 

 moist and wooded valleys along and near the mountains ; while M. cordata 

 and M. macrophylla very sparingly occur in the middle country of the South- 

 ern States. There are, besides, at least two Mexican species. 



Note. Our illustrations clearly demonstrate that the baccate exterior in- 

 tegument of the seed is formed of the primine of the ovule ; and therefore is 

 not an arillus ; as so excellent a botanist as my friend, Professor Zuccarini, 

 has endeavoured to maintain,* and as is assumed by Lindley,f and by 

 Endlicher.J 



PLATE 23. Magnolia glauca, Linn.; — a branch in flower of the 

 Northern variety, from Gloucester, Massachusetts ; of the natural 

 size. 



1. Diagram of the aestivation of the calyx and corolla (the ninth petal 



wanting, as is not uncommonly the case). 



2. Vertical section through the whole receptacle, stamens, and pistils ; 



enlarged. 



3. A stamen, detached and magnified ; inside view, showing the introrsely 



adnate anther. 



4. Vertical section of two pistils, magnified. The lower exhibits both 



ovules ; their raphes face to face : in the upper cell, the anterior 

 ovule has been cut away. 



5. An ovule seen laterally, more magnified. 



6. The same, with the raphe towards the eye. 



7. Vertical section of the same, through the raphe ; showing some of its 



spiral vessels, the true position of the chalaza, the thick and fleshy 

 primine, which becomes the baccate integument of the seed, &c. 



63-70. 



t I'cgctablc Kingdom, 417. 



f At least in Enchiridion Botanicum, p. 42", 128 



