1S8 VIOLACE 



centas in the middle, conduplicate-infolded and closing firmly 

 after dehiscence, so as forcibly to project the seeds. Seeds 

 large, obovoid-globose, horizontal, conspicuously carunculate 

 at the hilum, anatropous ; the crustaceous testa smooth, 

 marked with a distinct raphe and a large orbicular chalaza. 

 Albumen fleshy. Embryo straight, in the axis and nearly 

 the length of the albumen : radicle next the hilum, very 

 short : cotyledons almost orbicular, subcordate, flat and 

 thin, occupying nearly the whole breadth of the albumen. 



Herb pubescent, with a perennial root, and elongated 

 leafy stems ; the leaves alternate, oblong, conspicuously 

 acuminate at both ends, entire, short-petioled ; the stipules 

 linear-subulate, deciduous. Peduncles axillary, short, re- 

 curved, one-flowered, usually two or three from the same 

 axils, ebracteolate, articulated near the middle. Flower 

 small, greenish-white. 



Etymology. Dedicated to W. Sole, a German botanist. 



Geographical Distribution. A genus of a single species, indigenous 

 to the Northern and Middle United States. (The original Solea of Sprengel 

 seems to be equivalent to Ionidium.) 



PLATE 81. Solea concolor, Ging.; — summit of a flowering plant of 

 the natural size. (Cambridge Botanic Garden.) 



1 . 1 tiagram of the flower. 



2. A flower, enlarged. 



3. Sepals and petals, displayed. 



4. Stamens inclosing the pistil, showing the gland, enlarged. 



5: The two lower stamens of the same, separated, with the gland. 



6. The same, inside view, showing the two anthers. 



7. Magnified pistil ; the ovary transversely divided. 



8. An ovule, more magnified. 



9. Capsule, of the natural size. 



10. The same, dehiscent, showing the seeds. 



11. The same, with the valves conduplicate-closed, and the seeds discharged. 



12. A seed enlarged, side view. 



13. A vertical, and 14, a transverse section of the same. 

 15. Embryo detached, and placed flatwise, enlarged. 



