OCEANOGRAPHICAL RESULTS, MICHAEL SARS, 1900. 143 



North Atlantic Expedition ^), from July and September 1896^, 

 from July, 1897, and July 1898 3. 



We see that in all these years (he temperatures at the sea- 

 surface of the Norwegian west coast was higher than in July, 

 and August 1900; but at the same time the surface-temperatures 

 near Iceland were considerably lower. It seems often to be the 

 case that when the surface temperatures are relatively high off 

 the Norwegian west coast the warm surface current (the Gulf 

 Stream) is relatively narrow, and the cold East-Icelandic Polar 

 Current has a relatively wide extension. At the same time the 

 warm Irminger Current along the west-coast of Iceland may 

 probably be relatively little developed. We see, for instance, that 

 in July (16th — 23rd), 1897, the surface temperature was very 

 high in the North Sea off the Norwegian coast, but the iso- 

 therm of 10° C. was situated only a little beyond midway bet- 

 ween Shetland Islands and the Faeroes. In July (16th— 22nd), 

 1898, the surface-temperature of the North Sea off the Norwegian 

 coast was lower, but the belt with temperatures above 10° C. 

 was broader, the isotherm of 10° C. being situated very near the 

 Faeroes. In July, 1900, the surface-temperatures off the 

 Norwegian west-coast were also lower than in July, 1897, but 

 the isotherm of 10° C. seems to have been situated far beyond 

 the Faeroes. In this year the surface-temperatures in the 

 sea east of Iceland is markedly higher, on the whole perhaps 

 2° C, than in July, 1897 and 1898, the isotherm of 7° C. was 

 in 1900 evidently situated at least 3° farther north than in 1897 

 and 1898. 



' H. MoHN, 'The North Ocean' etc., The Norwegian North Atlantic Ex- 

 pecUtion 1876—1878, PI. XXVIL See also Hjort and Gran, 'Currents 

 and Pelagic Life in the Northern Ocean', Bergen Museum, 1899, PI. 2. 



- Pettersson and Eckmann, Bih. K. Svenska Vet.-Akad- Handlingar, vol. 

 23, Section II, No. 4, Stockholm, 1898, PI. I. Pettersson, Petermann's 

 Mitteilungen, 1900, Pl. 2. 



3 H. H. Gran. Report on Norwegian Fishery and Marine Investigations, 

 vol. I, Christiania, 1900, No. 5, PI. 2. 



