OCEANOGRAPHICAL RESULTS, MICHAEL SARS, 1900. 151 



200 m., with salinities from 35'20 °/oo to 35*35 °/oo, and tempera- 

 tures from 5°C. fo 9°G. The former bulk of warm and saline 

 water is a transverse section of the Gulf Stream, and the latter 

 is an Atlantic current running north-east on the south-east side 

 of Iceland. The warm and sahne water (which as we have seen 

 has the same salinity and much the same temperature as the 

 Gulf Stream) of this current is probably to a very great extent 

 gradually mixed with the waters of the East Icelandic Polar 

 Current. 



(4) The coast-water with fairly high temperatures, low sali- 

 nities, and low densities, near the lands on both sides, but especi- 

 ally on the continental shelf off the Norwegian coast. 



This Hght coast- water has a strong tendency to spread sea- 

 ward over the heavier sea- water of the Gulf Stream, which it 

 also does to some extent, as may be distinctly seen in the sec- 

 tions. But this tendency is greatly checked by the Earth's rota- 

 tion, n the surface water moves with greater velocity than the 

 water underneath, the Earth's rotation will carry it towards 

 the right with greater force than the underlying water, and if the 

 difference in velocity be sufficiently great the light coast water 

 may in this manner be kept in its place on the right side of 

 the current. 



In Section II, from Jan Mayen to Lofoten (Pis. 6 and 13) 

 we have chiefly the same kinds of water. The bottom-water has 

 practically the same temperature, salinity, and density as in Sec- 

 tion I, a striking difference is, however, that its upper boundary 

 is situated lower, but has very nearly the same shape as in 

 Section I. 



The Gulf Stream water has become colder and less saline than 

 in Section I, but at the same time it has also become deeper near 

 the Norwegian coast, and has become broader near the surface. 



The Polar Current is in this section situated on the left 

 side, east of Jan Mayen ; it is water which runs southward from 

 the East Greenland Polar Current. 



