62 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



860 feet. Two of these bars continue northeast nearly 3 miles and 

 end 4 mile beyond the Countyline road, on the Fargo delta. These 

 are broad ridges composed of the shale detritus supplied by the 

 glacial drainage of the channels along the line of the Delaware, 

 Lackawanna & Western Railroad. They are of nearly the same 

 hight, 865 and 863 feet according to the map altitudes. The 

 Countyline cemetery is located on the northern ridge. 



The splitting of the Warren shore into two series of bars might 

 suggest a dual lake history, or at least two stages of the Warren 

 waters. The phenomena have the same origin and significance as 

 the multiplicity and large vertical range of the bars on all the shore 

 to the westward, considered along with the greater simplicity of 

 the shore features from here eastward. The complex problem 

 of the lake records and history will be considered later [see p. 64]. 



The difference in altitude between the Alden-Fargo and the 

 Crittenden bars is very slight, though the northward uplift of the 

 land surface should have some credit for the present equality in 

 altitude. The Countyline cemetery bar is 863 feet, the Crittenden 

 bars are 857-860 feet. In the 11.5 miles from Elma Center station 

 to Crittenden the uplift is not over 25 feet, or a trifle over 2 feet a 

 mile in the direction of the shore. Between the cemetery and 

 Crittenden the uplift can not be over 6 feet, which makes an original 

 difference of about 10 feet. It would seem that the element of 

 altitude was not a strong factor in the case. The writer regards 

 the separation of the beaches as largely an accident of the topog- 

 raphy, along with some falling of lake level while the ice front was 

 in this locality. 



Another noteworthy feature connected with the strong bars all 

 the way from Steitz comers to the end of the Alden series, about 

 9 miles, is the occurrence of pronounced swamp hollows lying be- 

 tween the bars. These sometimes resemble drainage channels and 

 in a few cases are now occupied by brooks. Emphatic hollows 

 between beach ridges are not uncommonly seen for short distances, 

 but the writer has nowhere else found them so strong and per- 

 sistent. The location of the hollows as between lower or higher 

 bars is indifferent. 



The northern series of bars swing northerly at West Alden and lie 

 on the east side of the highway at Alden Center, where they are 

 broad flat ridges of shale detritus on the banks of Ellicott creek. 

 The bending road follows the bars to the West Alden station of the 

 Lackawanna Railroad. At this point a moraine ridge stands 

 inclosed in the shore deposits. North of the railroad and the 

 moraine area four parallel bars lie oblique to the north and south 



