212 



BOTANICAL GAZETTE 



[SEPTEMBER 



during the winter, but scattering trees, dwarfed and stunted, rise 

 from the chaparral over most of the summits of the range mixed 

 with the yellow pine, especially at lower levels, and with the blue 

 spruce (Abies concolor) at higher. On North Sandia Mountain, 

 which, on account of its greater elevation and perhaps more east 

 and west trend, has a higher precipitation, the latter tree forms 

 almost pure forests. On the ground in its shade is a luxuriant and 

 in places an almost pure growth of Goodyera Menziesii. 



Fig. 7. — Top of North Sandia Mountain: Picea Engehnannii; in the foreground, 

 Potent Ma, Castilleja, and Aphanostephus. 



most exoosed Dart of North Mountain 



the first are replaced by Engelmann's spruce (fig. 7). This would 



Merriam 



ii 



ma 



meets an occasional Pinus fl< 



CANON ASSOCIATIONS 



Ascending a cafion a very interesting succession of associations 



• 



presents itself. The first tree met approaching 



mountain 



from 



clump 



comes 



