274 BOTANICAL GAZETTE [October 



and spreading (Prunus pumila, Salix syrticola)) low and trailing 

 (Lathyrus, Arctostaphylos) ; low, with underground, creeping 

 rootstocks (Ammophila, Calatnovilfa). 



Leaf. — Small and awl-shaped (Arenaria, Hudsonia, Juniperus 

 communis, J. virginiana); longer, sometimes wide but thick 

 (Artemisia, Ammophila, Calamovilfa, Lithospermum, Prunus, Arcto- 

 staphylos, Pinus, Hypericum, Cakile, Quercus, Corispermum) ; 

 evergreen (Arctostaphylos, Juniperus communis, J. virginiana, 

 Pinus)) folded or revolute (Cirsium, Ammophila, Calatnovilfa, 

 Lithospermum, Hypericum, Euphorbia poly gonif olid) ; succulent 

 (Cakile, Euphorbia poly gonif oli a, Corispermum, slight in Artemisia, 

 Cirsium, Solidago)', hairy (Artemisia, Cirsium, Lithospermum, 

 Salix syrticola, Hudsonia) ; equilateral (Cakile, Corispermum, 

 Artemisia, Cirsium, Lithospermum). 



Anatomy of leaf.— -Outer wall of epidermis thick (Cakile, 

 Euphorbia poly gonif olia, Corispermum, Artemisia, Cirsium, Am- 

 mophila, Calamovilfa, Andropogon, Solidago, Lithospermum, Are- 

 naria, Prunus pumila, Salix syrticola, Arctostaphylos, Juniperus 

 communis, J. virginiana, Pinus Banksiana, Hypericum, Quercus 

 velutina, Opuntia); cuticle thick (Ammophila, Calamovilfa, Andro- 

 pogon, Solidago, Arenaria, Prunus pumila, Arctostaphylos, Junip- 

 erus communis, /. virginiana, Pinus Banksiana, Hypericum, 

 Quercus y Opuntia)', deep, compact palisade accompanied by few- 

 air spaces in sponge (Artemisia, Lathyrus, Lithospermum, Prunus 

 pumila, Salix syrticola, Hudsonia, Arctostaphylos, Hypericum, 

 Quercus velutina, Cakile, Corispermum)'; stoma ta sunken (Arte- 

 misia, Ammophila, Calamovilfa, Hypericum, Euphorbia polygoni- 

 folia, Arctostaphylos, Juniperus communis, J. virginiana, Pinus)) 

 conductive tissue well developed (Solidago, Prunus, Arctostaphylos) ; 

 mechanical tissue present as sclerenchyma (Lathyrus, Ammophila, 

 Calamovilfa, Andropogon, Salix syrticola, Arctostaphylos, Quercus), 

 as collenchyma (Solidago, Andropogon, Prunus, Salix syrticola, 

 Arctostaphylos, Quercus, Euphorbia poly gonif olia) . 



Anatomy of stem. — Succulent (Opuntia)) conductive tissue 

 well developed, with vessels large (Cirsium, Lithospermum, Prunus, 

 Hypericum, Quercus), with vessels numerous (Salix syrticola, 

 Prunus pumila) ; mechanical tissue present, an abundance of wood 



