29 
COOPER—ISLE ROYALE 
No spruce grew in this quadrat 
t913] 
hemlock being nearly absent 
but there were occasional large ones near 
QuADRAT 3 (fig. 8).—This small quadrat of one unit area shows 
a group of even-aged trees, among which are several young birch 
NS 
ven 
A 
Be Oe 
re “8 oN x 
Abies balsame 
Betula alba ‘papyritera 
Pyrus american 
Fic. 7.—Quadrat 2, Smithwick Island; for explanation of symbols see fig. 6 
and mountain ash as well as balsam. No living trees of a former 
generation are present within the limits of the quadrat, but several 
were seen near. Decayed trunks were frequent and were mostly 
birch. Of the 37 trees, 26 were within the ages of 26 and 35 years 
imits. Evidently then all 
and the others were very close to these limits 
