468 BOTANICAL GAZETTE [JUNE 
Among the important foreign papers which are of some interest to botanists 
are the following: —Two systematic papers by Hovarp” in which the author 
gives descriptions and notes based on the characters of the galls. Docters 
VAN LEEUWEN-REIJNVAAN® continue their very valuable descriptions of the 
galls of Java, describing 99 species. These descriptions are purely botanical 
and in most cases the species is not named, but is placed in such genus or 
family as may be indicated by the external characters of the cecidium. This 
is therefore merely the record and description of certain types of cecidia 
found on certain species of plants and becomes an important starting-point 
for future workers ——MEL T. Cook. 
Motile isogametes in the Chytridiales.—KusaAno” has demonstrated in 
Olpidium Viciae, a new species — on Vicia unijuga, that the free swim- 
s in the lower green algae. Similar 
copulation was costae inany years ago ‘a Fiscu in Reesia, which is closely 
related to Olpidium, but his account has not been generally accepted. KUSANO, 
however, not only followed the zygote to ase but traced its cytological 
history through to the next generation of zoospores. Conjugation, which 
seems ge occur only during the amoeboid  rvais between active swarming, 
appears te be = ‘by a contact stimulus. There is a slight physiological 
that not all of those which come together. 
appear to have a sexual affinity, although one of such a mismated pair may 
often fuse with a third which comes into contact with them. Zoospores from 
old sporangia which have been prevented from discharging by lack of water 
copulate more freely than those which have recently matured. Conjugated 
or unconjugated zoospores may infect the host, one giving rise to resting spores, 
the other to zoosporangia. After encysting on the outside of the host, the 
young parasite penetrates the cell wall and escapes into the cell, where it is 
freely carried around by the rotation of the host cytoplasm, until it finally 
comes to rest near the nucleus. Though naked until nearly mature, it never 
undergoes amoeboid deformation as in Reesia and Monochytrium. The 
zoospores are discharged through very short wartlike exit beaks, of which four 
or five may develop on a single sporangium, though only one functions. 
In its cytology this organism is so similar to Monochytrium as to make it 
evident that the two are very closely related, although in the latter the spores 
, Les collecti * Pate ae BE | . we oy 
7 Ho toire d’entologie du Museum 
d’Histoire Neale de Paris: Vherbier du Dr. Fairmaire. Marcellia 11:11-46. 1912; 
and Galles de Mayr et Muller. Marcellia 11:107-114. 1912. 
*8 Van LEEUWEN-REIJNVAAN, W. Docters and J., Einige gallen aus Java. VI. 
Marcellia 11:49-100. 1912. 
7 Kusano, S., On the life history and cytology of a new Olpidium with special 
reference to the pppbiasion of motile isogametes. ee Coll. Agric. Tokyo 4:141- 
199. pls. 15-17. fig. I. 1912. 
