. Igrt] OV ERTON—TRANSPIRATION AND SAP-FLOW 35 
several plants as to time of wilting when 10 cm. of the stem were 
treated, with the following results: Hypericum 17 cm. (22 days), 
Lycium 20 cm. (16-17 days), Physalis 20 cm. (9 days), Anthriscus 
16-20 cm. (about 10 days), Piswm 27 cm. (9 days), Hemerocallis 
20cm. (9 days), Sambucus 20 cm. (about 9 days), Rheum 12 cm. (12 
days), Bromus sterilis 10 cm. (12 days), Spiraea Thunbergii 13 cm. 
(11 days), Ampelopsis 8 cm. (12-13 days). The‘leaves of the fol- 
lowing plants withered very quickly when 10 cm. of the stems 
were killed: Polygonum -virginianum 2.5 cm. (o days), Circaea 
lutetiana 2.5-3 cm. (o days), Ficaria 9.5 cm. (0 days), Primula 
obconica 10 cm. (0 days), Malva (petiole) 10 cm. (0.5 day), Urtica 
(petiole) 2 cm. (about 1 day), Campanula rapunculoides 2 cm. 
(1 day), Petunia 2 cm. (1 day), Crepis (young plant) 5 cm. (1 day), 
Narcissus Pseudo-Narcissus 6 cm. (1 day), Gentiana lutea 9 cm. 
(1 day), Adenostyles 10 cm. (1 day), Verbena 13 cm. (1 day), 
Cannabis 8 cm. (about 1 day), Helianthus (young leaves) 3. 5 -6 cm. 
(1-2 days), Primula elatior 2~7 cm. (1~1.5 days). 
Besides using steam and low temperature to kill various stretches 
of the stems and petioles, RosHARDT has employed ether and xylol, 
applying the fluid to the parts with a fine brush. The petioles 
of 8 plants of Arum maculaium were treated with ether, and those 
of 12 other plants with xylol for a distance of 7-14 cm. He found 
that the leaves wilt, discolor, and dry in 9-14 days. By treating 
a 23 cm. stem of Phaseolus multiflorus with xylol for a 10 cm. 
stretch, the leaves were observed to wilt in 2 days and to be dry in 
4 days. The leaves of Tropaeolum, whose petioles were painted 
with xylo] for 6-20 cm., wilted in 2-4 days and dried in 4-7 days; 
controls cut and placed in the neighborhood wilted in 2 days and 
dried in 7 days. He carried out experiments on Oxalis Acetosella, 
observing what effect the painting of the petioles with ether or 
xylol would have on the sleep movements of the leaves. A num- 
ber of petioles of 12 plants were painted with ether for “short 
4 stretches.” Immediately the leaves assumed the characteristic 
sleep positions, which they kept until evening; they had assumed 
their normal positions by the next morning; after 4 days, discolora- 
_ tion and wilting took place. A control plant was stroked with a 
brush without the ether and the leaves behaved normally. Por- 
