tort] HOW E—EVERNIA 435 
Minnesota (Parry) by Professor Fink.’ It is rarely found fruited, however, 
near the geographical and altitudinal limits of its range. 
OBSERVATIONS: This species owing to its vivid color is the most conspicu- 
ous of the genus. Though a new generic name (Chlorea) was proposed by 
NYLANDER for this and a few other species, and earlier a title Letharia (see 
Watnto) by Th. Fries (later again Nylanderaria Kuntze), as before stated 
there is no good reason for this distinction. A stu y of the plant shows inter- 
grades approaching prunastri, through its variety, in thalline structure (and 
color), and it is quite evident that morphologically this species differs from 
prunastri less than furfuracea, with which prunastri has stood since 1825. 
The robust plant growing in the regions of heavy rainfall in California, Wash- 
ington, and Oregon (set apart as var. californica by NYLANDER, though named 
already by Nutrat1’ columbiana in 1834, if not by AcHARIuS xantholina in 
1810), is not in the author’s opinion worthy of varietal rank. 
Section: ARcHEVERNIA Th. Fr. Lich. Scand. 29. 1871 
Thallus bifacial to subbifacial, medulla cottonous 
EVERNIA PRUNASTRI (L.) Ach. 
___ Type: Not indicated; one of the specimens on which LinNAEus based 
his species is in the Dillenian herbarium, Botanic Gardens, Oxford, England, 
and according to Cromsre is “sterile.” _ According to Warnto “39 Lichen 
brunastri= Evernia prunastri Ach.”’ as represented in the Linnaean herbarium. 
YPE LOCALITY: “Europae.” 
ORIcINAL DEscRIPTION: “foliaceus erectiusculus Jacunosus: subtus 
tomentosus albus.” Linn. Spec. Pl. 2:1147. 1753. 
Ficure: [Dixx., Hist. Musc. pl. 21. f. 54=E. p. var. gracilis Ach.; 55a= 
E. prunastyi (L.) (soredifera); c and d=E. prunastri, Ach.; h=E. p. f. retusa 
Ach. fide Cromptr].8 
Syyonvay: Lichen prunastri Linn. ibid.; Evernia prunastri Ach. Lich. 
RIV. 442. 1810, 
Diacnosis: Thallus caespitose or subpendulous, compressed (bifacial), 
rough, Sorediate, virescenti-stramineous. 
Description: typical. Thallus loosely caespitose, subpendu- 
lous or pendulous, mollitinous, compressed, at length expanded, 
channeled, and paler below; cortex rugose-lacunose, more or less 
Srediate, stramineous to virescent; primary branches coarse, 
*It is recorded from Maine (EckFrewpt, J. W., Flora Mt. Desert, Me., 252. 1894), 
but the record is very doubtful and needs verification. The record probably refers to 
the var, thamnodes. 
"Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. 7:59. 1834. 
8 ‘ 
Pre-Linnaean references in brackets. 
